1. Country Report KAZUO TODANI (JAPAN)
Asia-Pacific Sub-regional Preparatory Conference
for the 2009 World Conference on Higher Education
I am Deputy Director General for the higher education bureau of the
ministry for education of Japan.
I am very pleased to have a chance to make presentation at this
conference.
KAZUO TODANI
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT),JAPAN
September,24, 2008

2. Outline 2. Research and Innovation in Higher
Societal Commitment and Social
Responsibility of Higher Education
2. Research and Innovation in Higher
Education
3. Issues and Tendency in Restructuring
of Higher Education
I am going to show you the current situation about the higher education in Japan in
accordance with these four points.
No1; Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education,
No2; Research and Innovation in Higher Education,
No3; Issue and Tendency in Restructuring of Higher Education,
No4; A New Agenda for Higher Education
4. A New Agenda for Higher Education

3. University and Junior College = A
-Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education-
Role of Higher Education in Japan and its Expansion
Advancement Rate
University and Junior College = A
17.0% in % in %
A + College of Technology, Professional Training College
17.1% in % in %
Japan has reached the universal stage

4. Securing the scale of enrollment accommodation in university
-Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education-
Increasing needs for higher university in the midst of economic development
Securing the scale of enrollment accommodation in university

5. Constraints for Development Total Population
-Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education-
Role of Higher Education in Promoting Education for Sustainable and Participatory Development
Constraints for Development
Total Population
127.7 million in <100 million in 2050
18-year-old bracket population
2.05 million in million in 2020
Financial Deficit
148% of Japan’s GDP in Budget Reduces 1%/yr

6. Population Projections for Japan

7. -Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education-
Countermeasures for Constraints
More discretion for universities so that they could use limited resource efficiently
Law amendment by which all national universities to be incorporated after 2004

8. System of National University Incorporation

9. Future Plan for University
-Societal Commitment and Social Responsibility of Higher Education-
Future Plan for University
Proposed Types of University through Differentiation
1. Center of excellence
2. Training of professionals with highly specialized skills
3. Training of professionals in various fields
4. Comprehensive liberal-arts education
5. Education and research in specialized areas such as arts or athletics
6. Centers for lifelong learning in the local community
7. Social contribution (such as contribution to the local community, industry-academia cooperation, international exchanges)
New Strategy is under discussion

10. -Research and Innovation in Higher Education-
Promotion Scheme in Research and Innovation in Japan and the Role of University

11. Support System Bottom-up support Top-down projects
Multi-faceted Support for Universities in Conducting Research
Support System
Bottom-up support
Top-down projects
Japan has strived to secure financial resources in spite of financial difficulty based on the third Basic Plan for Science and Technology

12. Main Budgets for Higher Education for Fiscal 2008
-Management Expenses Grants for national university corporations(Y1,181.3 billion)
-Subsidies to private universities (Y324.8 billion)
-Grants-in-aid for scientific research (Y193.2 billion)
-Support for education in national, public, and private universities through open competition (Y68.0 billion: 21st Century COE Program, etc.)
World Premier International Research Center (WPI)
Initiative (Y7.1 billion)

14. -Issues and Tendency in Restructuring of Higher Education-
Diversification of Higher Education and the Construction of Quality of Assurance System
Trend from prior permission to evaluation afterward
More flexible University-establishment approvals
Cross-border or IT-driven type of higher education institution appearing

15. Need for quality assurance mechanism
More universities in spite of fewer population
Number of universities and students
Year University Student
,668,086
,803,980
,809,295
,865,051
,859,212
2007　 　 ,828,708
2008　 ,835,242
Number of University and Students in

16. Certified evaluation system
Periodic evaluation by evaluation organizations, certified by the Ministry
Evaluation on education and research, organization and management, facilities and equipment, etc.

17. System to Assure Quality of Universities

18. Change in Forms of Employment
-Issues and Tendency in Restructuring of Higher Education-
Introduction of Professional Postgraduate Schools for Specialized Vocational Education
Change in Forms of Employment
lifetime job-security system ?
(On- the-job training in industries)
Needs for the latest, more practical and
more specialized skill and knowledge

19. Change in Forms of Employment

20. Establishment of Professional Graduate School in 2003
-Issues and Tendency in Restructuring of Higher Education-
Establishment of Professional Graduate School in 2003
Providing practical and specialized education in accordance with the specific characteristics of professional fields
Enrolment; more than 23,000 people

21. Professional Graduate School in 2008
-Issues and Tendency in Restructuring of Higher Education-
Professional Graduate School in 2008
Law School
MBA/MOT
Graduate School of Teacher Education 19
Accountant
Public Policy　　　
Clinical psychology
Public health
Intellectual property
others
Total

22. -A New Agenda for Higher Education-
Efforts for Expanding Mobility of Faculty, Students, Programs
Expanding mobility is the key for discovering new dimension of knowledge through researchers’ interaction and promoting cross-cultural dialogue for mutual understanding, as pointed out in many important meetings

23. G8 EDUCATION MINISTERS' MEETING,
Tokyo, 1-2 April 2000 CHAIR'S SUMMARY (Excerpt)
Obstacles that need to be tackled include:
- Issues of evaluation and recognition of curricula, credits and qualifications for studies undertaken abroad;
- lack of access to relevant information on counterpart institutions;
- levels and portability of financial support;
- problems of language and intercultural understanding;
- regulatory barriers (entry procedures, tax, social security and health coverage, work rules);
- career progression and provision of substitutes for teachers;
- scarcity of accommodation.

24. G8 EDUCATION MINISTERS' MEETING,
Tokyo, 1-2 April 2000 CHAIR'S SUMMARY (Excerpt)
We, confirming our determination to make every effort to promote international exchanges of students, teachers, researchers and administrators, agreed to:
1) explore ways to substantially increase the overall level of exchange among G8 countries and with other countries , with the goal of doubling the rate of mobility over the next ten years;
2) encourage appropriate agencies and educational institutions to increase the transferability of qualifications and credits, and validation of studies for internationally mobile students;

25. G8 EDUCATION MINISTERS' MEETING,
Tokyo, 1-2 April 2000 CHAIR'S SUMMARY (Excerpt)
3) share the experience of international mobility models like Erasmus and UMAP and encourage further development of networks for educational exchange;
4) continue to strengthen foreign language learning, area studies and intercultural education at all levels, and encourage or support programs delivered in foreign languages, particularly in universities;
5) further strengthen the role of human resources development and personnel exchange programs in development assistance policies. With its universal nature, UNESCO should be able to play a useful role in this context.

26. -A New Agenda for Higher Education-
Policy for International Students
In 1983, the plan to accept 100,000 International Students by the early 21st was decided
The plan was accomplished in 2003, with many of international students from Asian countries
And now, the new plan for 300,000 international students was formulated in July 2008

27. Number of International Students in Japan

28. Expansion of mobility can bring benefits for those concerned
-A New Agenda for Higher Education-
Pursuit for Win-win Relationship in Asian Countries
Expansion of mobility can bring benefits for those concerned
Win-win network rewarding both for developed countries and developing countries is effective measure

29. -A New Agenda for Higher Education-
Activities of JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science)
International Collaborations Asian CORE Program to build Asian research hubs Asia-Africa Science Platform Program under which Japanese research institutions take the lead in fostering young researchers

30. JSPS Asian CORE Program

31. SEED-Net (Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network)
-A New Agenda for Higher Education-
SEED-Net (Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network)
19 leading member institutions from 10 ASEAN countries with the support of 11 leading Japanese supporting universities
Each host institution is responsible for training young graduates and teaching staff from other member institutions to acquire master's degrees, and doctoral degrees in a sandwich program with Japanese supporting universities

32. SEED-Net Concept

33. -A New Agenda for Higher Education-
Quality assurance mechanism in international level is important in the era of global competition and high mobility
Japan has made efforts to formulate the OECD/UNESCO Guideline on Quality Provision in Cross-border Higher Education
Expectation for the UNESCO Portal on Recognized Higher Education Institutions

34. Thank you