1. Profession Practices (ECIV-5105)
The Islamic University of Gaza- Civil Engineering Department
Profession Practices (ECIV-5105)
Lecture 2: Project Team By
Husam Al-Najar

2. 1. The Owner: Internal Structure
Project team
1. The Owner: Internal Structure
Capital Projects Officer (CPO) : Strategic Planning
Financial Officer: Financial Planning
Owner’s Project Manager: Tactical Level Supervision
Owner’s Inspector: Operational Decisions
End Users: Directly or Indirectly Represented
Typical Interest: To achieve an efficient product delivery mechanism with a simple structure of responsibility
reduce schedule and cost, increase quality, reduce claims, increase innovation and constructability, and increase flexibility in both their capital investment and the construction process)
تخفيض الجدول الزمني والتكلفة، وزيادة الجودة، والحد من المطالبات، وزيادة الابتكار الإنشائي، وزيادة المرونة في كلا من استثمار رأس المال وعملية البناء)
Perfect Owner?
The one whose only requirement is some respect for the budgetمن كان الشرط الوحيد هو تقدير الميزانية
The one that knows exactly what needs to be done and how أن يعرف بالضبط ما يجب القيام به، وكيف

3. Claims: commonly arise between the parties to construction contracts
Claims: commonly arise between the parties to construction contracts. This can be as a result of problems such as; delays, changes, unforeseen circumstances, insufficient information, and conflicts. Claims might be made for loss and expense, extension of time, liquidated damages and so on. The contract should set out what can constitute a claim and how it should be dealt with. There may also be claims associated with the appointment of consultants.
Force majeure: describes those uncontrollable events (such as war, labor stoppages, or extreme weather) that are not the fault of any party and that make it difficult or impossible to carry out normal business. A company may insert a force majeure clause into a contract to absolve itself from liability in the event it cannot fulfill the terms of a contract (or if attempting to do so will result in loss or damage of goods) for reasons beyond its control.
A variation: (sometimes referred to as a variation instruction, variation order or change order) is an alteration to the scope of works in a construction contract in the form of an addition, substitution or omission from the original scope of works.

4. Public & Private Owners
Public Owners
Ranging from Real Estate Developers المطورين العقاريين to One-Time Projects
Usually Smaller Projects (occasionally Larger Projects also)
More Informal Procedures إجراءات أكثر سهولة
Usually More Innovation, Cost-Efficiency and Flexibility
State, Municipal or Federal Government
Usually Large Projects
Very Well-Defined Procedures
Careful Project Financing (Political accountability
(المساءلة السياسية)
Public-Private Partnerships
Hybrid Owner From Contractor’s and User’s Viewpoint
Basic Modes (and Variations):
Gov’t Contracts Operations & Maintenance of Existing Facility with a Private Entity
Gov’t Sells a Facility to the Private Sector
Gov’t Contracts a Company to Build-Operate-Transfer a Project

5. 1. The Design Team
The Architect: Usually in Contract with the Owner
The Engineering Team
Structural / Transportation / Geotechnical Engineer
Usually Subcontracts
Environmental Engineers
Mechanical Engineers
Electrical Engineers
2. The Construction Team
The Contractor’s Project Manager: Oversees Entire Project but Mainly Deals with:
Owner Relations
Schedule
Claims
Cost and Budget Issues
Major Engineering Issues related to Construction
Subcontractor Issues
Safety
Quality Control

6. Superintendent المشرف
Scheduler
Produces and Maintains Job Schedule with the Help of the Engineers and Superintendents المشرفين
Early Involvement in the Project
Dealing with Multiple Interfaces (Owner, Designer, Superintendents)
Excellent Understanding of the Construction Technology and Technique Behind the Schedule
Continuously Modifying the Schedule
Superintendent المشرف
General Superintendent
Oversees All Operations of Building the Project
Coordinates Subcontractors and Various Field Superintendents
Deals with Craft Unions التعامل مع النقابات الحرفية
Field (i.e., Assistant) Superintendent
Oversee Their Specific Field (i.e., expertise) Operations (e.g., Utility, Earth Support, Concrete, Mechanical, Equipment)
Direct the Crews that Work in the Area
In Charge of: Time Sheets- Scheduling- Planning- Safety- Quality Control and Subcontractors

7. Project Engineer
Oversee All Engineering and Administration Functions of the Project
Work closely together with project manager
In Charge of:
Owner Relations
Submittals, Request For Information RFI’s, Changes
Leads problem identification, definition, analysis, solution generation, solution implementation and pay requirements
Claims
Cost Control
Subcontractors
Field Engineer
Daily Reports of Activities
Measure Quantities of Work Completed
Help Superintendents with Planning and Ordering Permanent Materials
Resident Engineer
The Owners Representative on the Job Site
Makes the Decisions for the Owner and the Owners Engineer

8. Subcontractor
The term refers only to the contractual arrangement not to the scope of work
Company X performs 2 contracts; one for Owner A and the other for Contractor B
Contractual obligation to the original contractor not the owner