1. Unit 1: Chemistry and Matter Mrs. Taylor HASD

2. MAKE A WEB
CHEMISTRY

3. What is Chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

4. 5 Branches of Chemistry
Organic Chemistry- The study of most carbon containing compounds.
Example: C6H12O6 (Sugar)

5. 5 Branches of Chemistry
2. Inorganic Chemistry- The study of all substances that do not contain carbon. Example: H2O (Water)

6. 5 Branches of Chemistry
3. Physical Chemistry- the study of the properties, changes, and relationship between energy and matter

7. 5 Branches of Chemistry
Analytical chemistry- the identification of the components and composition of materials.

8. 5 Branches of Chemistry
5. Biochemistry- the study of substances and processes occurring in living things.
Example: Photosynthesis

9. Matter and Properties Mass is the measure of the amount of matter.
Matter is anything that has mass and volume (occupies space).
Examples: You, me, your desk, air, smoke, water vapor. .

10. Pure Matter
Two types:
1. Elements
2. Compounds

11. Pure Matter
An element is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. They are organized in the Periodic Table.
A Compound is a substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
Example: NaCl (two elements JOINED together)

12. Atom vs. Molecule

13. Impure Matter A mixture is impure matter
A mixture is a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties and can be separated physically.

14. Mixtures Two types of mixtures: 1. Heterogeneous 2. Homogeneous
Homogeneous (also known as solutions) have uniform composition throughout. Examples: air, sugar in water, stainless steel.
Heterogeneous are not uniform Examples: granite, wood

15. Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous

16. Separation Techniques
A mixture can be separated using physical means.
Separation Techniques include using:
A magnet
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography
Centrifugation
Separating Funnel

17. Distillation

18. Filtration

20. Physical Properties
Physical properties can be observed or measured without altering the identity of a material.
Example: color, texture, melting point, state of matter.

21. 3 states of matter
Solids have definite shape and volume. Particles are packed closely together.
Liquids have definite volume but, no shape
3. Gases have neither a definite volume nor definite shape.

22. States of Matter

23. Physical Changes
Physical change is any change that does NOT result in a change in identity. Examples cutting wire, crushing a solid, gas expanding.
Changes in state of matter is a physical change. Example: melting, boiling, freezing.

24. Chemical Properties
Chemical Properties relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that alters its identity.
Example a chemical’s reactivity.

25. Chemical Change
Chemical change is when a substance is converted into different substance. Examples milk souring, leaves changing color in the fall.
The process CANNOT be reversed.

26. Signs of a Chemical Change
1. Color Change
2. Heat and/or light is produced
3. Bubbles form (gas)
4. A precipitate is produced
(A precipitate is a solid)

27. The Periodic Table
Periodic table of elements is divided into small squares that have one element in each square.
Elements have been named from their Latin meaning, places, famous scientists and from mythology.

28. Family or groups- vertical columns (18)
Period- horizontal rows (7)
Metals- ductile, malleable, lustrous, conduct heat and electricity, high tensile strength
Nonmetals- brittle, dull, poor conductor
Metalloids (also known as semi-metals)- have some characteristics of metals and nonmetals.