1. Contemporary Psychiatric Nursing Practice
Chapter 6

2. Biopsychosocial Model
Definition: Three separate, but interdependent, domains—biologic, psychological and social (Figure 6.1)
Biologic: Theories that explain neurobiologic changes related to mental disorders
Psychological: Theories related to psychological processess of thoughts, feelings and behavior
Social: Theories that account for the influence of social forces encompassing the patient, family and community within cultural settings

3. Professional Practice
Legal authority to practice (license), granted by states and provinces
Professional standards set by professional nursing organizations
ANA
APNA
ISPN

4. Scope of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing in the United States
Areas of Concern (Text Box 6.1)
Standards of Care (Text Box 6.2)
Standards of Professional Performance (Table 6.1)
Basic level (Text Box 6.4, Table 6.2)
Advanced level

5. Canadian Standards of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice
Provides competent professional care through the helping role
Performs/refines client assessments through the diagnostic and monitoring function
Administers and monitors therapeutic interventions
Effectively manages rapidly changing situations
Intervenes through the teaching-coaching function
Monitors and ensures the quality of health care practices
Practices within organizational and work-role structures

6. Tools of Psychiatric Nursing Practice
Clinical Decision Making
Nursing Care Plans
Critical Pathways

7. Interdisciplinary Approaches
Multidisciplinary
Several disciplines providing different services to patient
Not ideal
Interdisciplinary
Services are not provided independently of each other.
Providers communicate in delivery of patient-oriented care.
Supported by the IOM reports

8. Challenges of Psychiatric Nursing
Knowledge development, dissemination and application
Overcoming stigma
Health care delivery system issues
Impact of technology

9. Ethical Frameworks Canadian Code of Ethics (Text Box 6.6)
ANA Code for Nurses (Text Box 6.5)
Canadian Code of Ethics (Text Box 6.6)
Principle of Autonomy: Each individual has the fundamental right of self-determination.
Beneficence: Health provider uses knowledge and skills to develop an environment in which individuals achieve their maximum health care potential.

10. Psychiatric Nursing Organizations
American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA)
International Society of Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses (ISPN)