1. Peloponnesian War Alexander the Great Direct Democracy
Create a chronological timeline with vocabulary words and concepts from Ancient Greece. Write one sentence for each notch on the timeline.
Peloponnesian War
Alexander the Great
Direct Democracy
Era of the Tyrants
Oligarchy
Persian War
Hellenistic Culture
Describe a polis

2. The Ancient Roman World

3. Greek and Roman Religion
The Greeks and Romans were polytheistic
numerous gods and goddesses whose origins were established through traditional stories of mythology.

4. Greek and Roman Religion
The Greeks and Romans shared many of the same religious concepts
Roman culture was influenced by Hellenistic diffusion
What is the Hellenistic culture? How did it diffuse?

5. The Roman Republic
Roman Republic developed concepts of government by laws
Government – Major Positions
Consuls (2)
Head of government, act as commanders-in-chief. Become senators at the end of term.
Senate (300)
Supervise government matters, especially military and foreign affairs. Serve for life.
Tribunes (10)
Guard rights of plebeians can veto senators and other officials. Serve for one year.

6. Social Classes of the Roman Republic
Patricians: wealthy landowners
Plebeians: common farmers, artisans, and merchants (majority)
Barred by law from holding important government positions.
Eventually form Tribunes: protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials

7. Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage
Three wars stretching from 246 to 146 BCE
Carthage originated as a Phoenician colony.
Fight over trade in the Mediterranean Sea

8. Ending Carthage…Would you like salt on that?
Romans destroy Carthage and sold all of citizens of Carthage into slavery!
SALTY

9. The Roman Republic Crumbles
After Punic Wars; republic becomes unstable
Economic Turmoil… Why?
Rich live on big estates (with lots of slaves)
Small farmers had difficulty competing
Civil War: Tribunes tried for reforms but made enemies with senators
Generals start to gain power (recruiting soldiers turned farmers—promising them land) and take over by force

10. The First Triumvirate
Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus rule as a triumvirate
50 BCE Caesar undermines the Senate

11. Julius Caesar Takes Power
Caesar appointed lifelong dictator in 44 BCE
Reforms:
Expanded the Senate
Built new public buildings

12. Caesar Killed by Senators March 15th 44 BCE

13. The Early Empire More civil war Roman Republic destroyed
2nd Triumvirate
Octavian, Marc Antony and Lepidus
Ruled for 10 years
Jealousy and violence
Lepidus retires, Octavian and Marc Antony rivals
Octavian rules; becomes Augustus Caesar
Pax Romana (207 years)
After Augustus death, empire remained stable

14. The Empire’s Territory

15. Christianity in the Roman World
Originally Christians are persecuted by the empire
Christianity threatened the Roman social structure
Christianity gradually came to be accepted, then spread throughout the Roman world

16. Christianity becomes Rome’s religion
Paul spread Christianity on Roman roads.
The Emperor Constantine ended persecution of Christians. (EDICT OF MILAN)
The emperor Theodosius made Christianity the empire’s religion.

17. The Empire Splits

18. The Western Roman Empire Collapses
Factors for collapse
Economic Weakness
Inflation
Disruption of trade
Military Overextension
Too many places to protect and lack of loyalty
Invasions
Germanic Tribes (Goths, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths)
Huns
The Eastern Empire thrives, and becomes the Byzantine Empire.

19. Christianity in Rome