1. Phrases and Clauses

2. Definitions Phrases – collection of words; examples:
Noun phrase – the tall green tree
Prepositional phrase – by the calm peaceful river

3. Definitions Phrases – collection of words
Clauses – collection of words that contain both a subject and a verb
May or may not be a complete thought; example:
After he came home, he watched a rerun of the game.
Incomplete thought is called a dependent clause (after he came home)
Complete thought is called an independent clause (he watched a rerun of the game)

4. Definitions Phrases – collection of words
Clauses – collection of words that contain both a subject and a verb
May or may not be a complete thought; example:
After he came home, he watched a rerun of the game.
Incomplete thought is called a dependent clause
Complete thought is called an independent clause
Sentences – composed of at least one independent clause and, optionally, one or more dependent clauses

5. Uses of Dependent Clauses
As noun
As adjective
As adverb

6. Uses of Dependent Clauses
As noun
Subject – Example: Whoever ate the last cookie is in deep trouble!
Direct Object – Example: I did not see who ate the last cookie!
As adjective
As adverb

7. Uses of Dependent Clauses
As noun
As adjective
Ex: The nice lady who brought the snacks tonight is Sherry.
Ex: The car which your wife sold me last week has broken down.
As adverb

8. Uses of Dependent Clauses
As noun
As adjective
As adverb
Ex: When we get enough snow, we are going to build a snowman.
Ex: We are going skiing when it snows.
Ex: We cancelled our trip to Tennessee because the Smoky Mountains are on fire.

9. Isaiah 35:3-6 (p 707)
“With this news, strengthen those who have tired hands, and encourage those who have weak knees. Say to those who are afraid, “Be strong and do not fear, for your God is coming to destroy your enemies. He is coming to save you.” And when he comes, he will open the eyes of the blind and unstop the ears of the deaf. The lame will leap like a deer, and those who cannot speak will shout and sing!

10. Isaiah 35:3-6 (p 707)
“With this news, strengthen those who have tired hands, and encourage those who have weak knees. Say to those who are afraid, “Be strong and do not fear, for your God is coming to destroy your enemies. He is coming to save you.”

11. Isaiah 35:3-6 (p 707)
“With this news, strengthen those who have tired hands, and encourage those who have weak knees. Say to those who are afraid, “Be strong and do not fear, for your God is coming to destroy your enemies. He is coming to save you.”

12. Isaiah 35:3-6
And when he comes, he will open the eyes of the blind and unstop the ears of the deaf. The lame will leap like a deer, and those who cannot speak will shout and sing!
Then
- used to say what happens next or what you do next:
Mix the flour and butter, then add the eggs.
Byron travelled to Italy and then to Greece.
- used when saying what the result of a situation or action will be:
If you won't tell him, then I will.
Start off early, then you won't have to rush.
Then the eyes will be opened. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
of those who are blind – linking verb
The ears will be unplugged. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
of those who can’t hear - instance of helping verbs – express negative
Those will leap like a deer. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
who can’t walk - instance of helping verbs – express negative
And those will shout with joy. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
who can’t speak - instance of helping verbs – express negative

13. Isaiah 35:3-6
And when he comes, he will open the eyes of the blind and unstop the ears of the deaf. The lame will leap like a deer, and those who cannot speak will shout and sing!
Then
- used to say what happens next or what you do next:
Mix the flour and butter, then add the eggs.
Byron travelled to Italy and then to Greece.
- used when saying what the result of a situation or action will be:
If you won't tell him, then I will.
Start off early, then you won't have to rush.
Then the eyes will be opened. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
of those who are blind – linking verb
The ears will be unplugged. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
of those who can’t hear - instance of helping verbs – express negative
Those will leap like a deer. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
who can’t walk - instance of helping verbs – express negative
And those will shout with joy. – simple future (promise and prediction – because it is God)
who can’t speak - instance of helping verbs – express negative

15. Definitions Phrases – collection of words
Noun phrase – the tall green tree
Prepositional phrase –by the river
Clauses – collection of words that contain both a subject and a verb
May or may not be a complete thought
After he got home, he watched a rerun of the game.
Incomplete thought is called a dependent clause
Complete thought is called an independent clause
Sentences – composed of at least one independent clause and, optionally, one or more dependent clauses

16. Uses of Dependent Clauses
As noun
Subject – Ex: Whoever ate the last cookie is in deep trouble!
Direct Object – Ex: I did not see who ate the last cookie!
As adjective
Ex: The nice lady who brought the snacks tonight is Sherry.
Ex: The car which your wife sold me last week has broken down.
As adverb
Ex: When we get enough snow, we are going to build a snowman.
Ex: We are going skiing when it snows.
Ex: We cancelled our trip to Tennessee because the Smoky Mountains are on fire.

17. Isaiah 35:3-6
“With this news*, strengthen those who have tired hands, and encourage those who have weak knees. Say to those who are afraid, “Be strong and do not fear, for your God is coming to destroy your enemies. He is coming to save you.” And when he comes, he will open the eyes of the blind and unstop the ears of the deaf. The lame will leap like a deer, and those who cannot speak will shout and sing!
* “This news” is the promise that God will eventually restore the world to the way he created it originally – displaying His glory (the previous paragraph)
Also compare this promise to Matt 11: 1-6 where Jesus explains how he is the fulfillment of this promise from God.