1. Foot
D.Rania Gabr
D.Sama.
D.Elsherbiny

2. Objectives Know the retinaculae around the ankle and their relations.
Discuss the characteristic features of joints of foot.
Explain the layers of foot with their contents.
Identify the muscles present in the layers of foot with their actions.
Understand the arches of foot.

4. Dorsum of Foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsalis Pedis MUSCLE
BLOOD VESSEL
NERVE
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Dorsalis Pedis
DEEP & Superficial
Peroneal

5. Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Origin
Insertion
Action
Anterior part of upper surface of the Calcaneum and from the Inferior extensor retinaculum
By four tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to second, third, and fourth toes
Extend toes

6. Sole : DEEP FASCIA
The plantar aponeurosis is a triangular thickening of the deep fascia.
Function: protects the underlying nerves, blood vessels, and muscles.
Apex: attached to the medial and lateral tubercles of the calcaneum.
Base: divides into five slips that pass into the toes.

7. MUSCLES OF THE SOLE OF THE FOOT
The muscles of the sole are conveniently described in four layers from superficial to deep.

8. First Layer Abductor hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis,
Abductor digiti minimi

9. Second Layer
2 muscles:
Flexor digitorum accessorius (Quadratus plantae).
Lumbricals.
2. 2 tendons:
Flexor digitorum longus tendon,
Flexor hallucis longus tendon

10. Third Layer Flexor hallucis brevis Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

11. Fourth Layer Interossei, (3 plantar + 4 dorsal).
Peroneus longus tendon,
Tibialis posterior tendon

12. Function of small muscles of Foot
chiefly concerned with supporting the arches of the foot.
Although their names would suggest control of individual toes, this function is rarely used in most people

13. Nerve supply of small muscles of Foot
All muscles of foot supplied by lateral planter nerve except:
flexor diditorum brevis, abductor hallucis and 1st lumbrical by medial planter nerve.

14. Synovial Flexor Sheaths
The tendons of the flexor hallucis longus and the flexor digitorum longus are surrounded by synovial sheaths