1. Authors: Raminderjeet Kaur Dishant Khosla Naveen Kumar Pooja Sahni
Design of a Compact Planar Inverted-F Antenna for WiMAX and WLAN USB Dongle Applications
Authors:
Raminderjeet Kaur
Dishant Khosla
Naveen Kumar
Pooja Sahni
15 May 2018

2. Outline Introduction Antennas Devices
Comparison between various antenna structures
Problem Definition
Objectives
Simulation Results
References
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3. Introduction
An Antenna converts electromagnetic radiation into electric current, or vice versa.
Need of Antenna :
For transmission and reception of the radio signal.
Antennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. 
For electromagnetic waves carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss.
Wireless performance is completely dependent on a high performance antenna design and implementation. 
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4. Antennas for USB devices
Internal Antennas
Microstrip antennas (MSA)
Meander line antennas (loaded/unloaded)
Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA)
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5. Comparison Antenna Type/ Parameters Microstrip Patch PIFA
Radiation Pattern
Directional
Omnidirectional
Gain
High
Moderate to high
Modeling & Fabrication
Easier to fabricate and model
Easier fabrication using PCB
Applications
Satellite Communication, Aircrafts
Internal antennas of Mobile phones
Merits
Low cost, Low weight, Easy in integration
Small size, Low cost, Reduced backward radiation for minimizing SAR
Problems
No bandpass filtering effect, surface-area requirement
Narrow bandwidth characteristic
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6. Objectives The objectives of the Thesis work are as follows:
To design a wideband PIFA antenna covering large bandwidth
Reduce Size
Improve Gain
Good Radiation Pattern
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7. Simulations Results
Proposed Design
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW

8. Return Loss (S11)
It can be seen from above plot that resonant frequencies achieved are 3.62 GHz and 5.55 GHz with return loss of -18 dB & dB respectively

9. Fabricated Antenna
Measured Return Loss
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10. Radiation Pattern

11. Gain

12. VSWR
The value of VSWR obtained at both resonant frequencies are 0.39 dB and 2.95 dB respectively.

13. Conclusion
There are few conclusions that can be drawn from this thesis work:
The frequency band covered are WiMAX ( GHz) and WLAN ( GHz).
The designed PIFA antenna is compact in size, have good bandwidth coverage and have omni directional radiation pattern
The simulated and measured results shows that the antenna structure is suitable candidate for USB dongle applications.
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14. References
Kin-Lu Wong, "Planar Antennas for Wireless Communication", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003.
Naveen Kumar, Abhishek Thakur, Jitender Sharma, “Study of Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) for Mobile Devices”, International Journal of Electronics & Communication Technology (IJECT), Volume 4, Issue SPL 3, pp: 83-85, April 2013
Ray,J.A., Chaudhuri S.R.B., “A review of PIFA technology”, IEEE Indian Antenna week (IAW), pp: 1 – 4, 2011.
Tripathi, H.N.; Jha, K.R., "Design of compact printed antenna for 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN and 3.5/5.5 GHz WiMAX wireless USB Dongle application," IEEE  Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), pp.1-2,
Sunakshi Puri, Kiranpreet Kaur, Naveen Kumar, “A Review of Antennas for Wireless Communication Devices” International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Volume 2, No. 3, September, 2014.
Hang Wong, Kwai-Man Luk, Chi Hou Chan, Quan Xue, Kwok Kan So, Hau Wah Lai, “Small antennas in Wireless Communications”, Proceedings of the IEEE Journal, Volume 100,  No. 7,pp: 2109 – 2121, 2012.
Belhadef, Y.; Boukli Hacene, “PIFA antennas design for mobile communications”, 7th International Workshop on Systems, Signal Processing and their Applications (WOSSPA), pp: 119 – 122, 2011.
Wei-Yu Li; Chun-Yih Wu; Kin-Lu Wong; Ming-Fang Tu, "Internal small-size PIFA for LTE/GSM/UMTS operation in the mobile phone," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), pp.1-4, July 2010.
Su, W.-C. and Wong, K.-L., Internal PIFAs for UMTS/WLAN/WiMAX multi-network operation for a USB dongle, Microwave Optical Technology Letters, Volume: 48, pp: 2249–2253.
L. Guo, X. Chen, C.G. Parini, “Miniature ultra-wideband antenna for wireless universal serial bus dongle applications”, IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp.: 113 – 119, January 2012.
15 May 2018