1. By: Brianna Bullock, Abby Fox, and Nick O’donnell
Americans- pages
History Alive- Pages
Chapter 21: Civil Rights chapter overview: after decades of discrimination,  African Americans begin a struggle for equality. they make gains against unfair laws in the south, but as movement reaches northern cities, gains are fewer.

2. Chapter Overview 
The civil rights movement, was a major historical event seeing the rise of black empowerment and confidence. During a time when segregation ran ramped in American society, seeing a return to the racist ways of our nation in the passed. However, millions of Africana Americans resented this prejudice, and demanded more humane and equal treatment. People like Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, and Rosa Parks met historical fame for standing for their freedom. The concept of Black Power became more and more popular, and the movement saw a myriad of marches, protests, and riots.

3. How did the civil rights movement begin?
African American soldiers coming home from World War II decided it was time to fight for their freedom
1954- Lawyers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People wins a school desegregation case. The supreme court rules separate educational facilities were unconstitutional
The governor of Little Rock, Arkansas prevented 9 African Americans from enrolling at Little Rock Central High School; President Eisenhower then sent federal troops to allow the students to enter
Rosa Parks refuses to yield her seat on the bus to a white man and gets jailed. Thus starts the yearlong Montgomery boycott of buses led by Martin Luther King Jr.
Executive Order 9981: an executive order issued by Harry Truman in 1948 ending segregation in the military.
Main Idea: the civil rights movement began from African American want of social freedoms.

4. What events led Congress to pass the Civil Rights and Voting Rights acts?
Freedom Riders, 1961
James Peck and other CORE members took a trip across the South on segregated interstate buses and facilities.
They provoked a violent reaction, and were attacked by mobs of hundreds of people.
Eventually JFK supported the activists and sent 400 U.S. marshals.
Freedom Summer
Recruited college students to register African American voters
Selma Campaign, 1965
Thousands of protesters marched from Selma to Montgomery, and were attacked by police.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Got rid of “literary tests” that prevented many African Americans from voting. Allowed federal examiners to register voters.
Integration of Ole Miss, 1962
James Meredith won a court case that allowed him to enroll in the University of Mississippi.
Riots broke out and JFK sent marshals to protect Meredith and his family.
Assassination of MLK, 1968
On April 4th, James Earl Ray shot MLK from a hotel balcony.
Urban riots broke out.
Violence in Birmingham, 1963
MLK and Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth organized demonstrations in Birmingham to desegregate the city, which succeeded.
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Prohibited discrimination in the sale and rental of housing
Strengthened antilynching laws
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Banned discrimination in employment and public places

5. Why could the results of the movement be called mixed?
Voting Rights Act of 1965 Voting Rights Act of 1965: an act of Congress outlawing literacy tests and other tactics that had long been used to deny African Americans the right to vote.  
Victories in the movement
Banning of segregation in education
Transportation
Employment
Housing and winning of voting rights
Challenges in the movement
MLK assassination
White Flight and poverty stricken cities
De facto segregation 

6. Ch. 21: How did Martin Luther King and Malcom X differ in their views on civil rights
Martin Luther Kings views:
MLK rose to fame during the famous Montgomery bus boycott
Formed the SCLC which is the Southern leadership conference
Pledged to use a nonviolent resistance system that would redeem “the soul of America”
Malcom X’s views:
Malcom x came to his beliefs while in prison, reading and practicing the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, the leader of a religious group called the Nation of Islam's
Malcom x rejected the early goals of civil rights and promoted black nationalism, a doctrine which is completely separate from white society
Southern Christian leadership conference (SCLC): is an African-American civil rights organization. SCLC, which is closely associated with its first president, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement. 
MAIN IDEA Malcom x and MLK were both black advocates for civil rights, but their views differed greatly

7. How did the civil rights movement begin?
During world war II African- Americans fought in the war and gained many new job opportunities. When that was over in the 1950's they were prepared to fight for their freedom and equality. Many groups and individuals actively companied to give African-Americans the treatment they deserve. 
Protests 
NAACP
MLK
Arguments
White flight

8. “BLOW OUT”…UP? Knock out???
2. What events led Congress to pass the Civil Rights and Voting Rights acts??
“BLOW OUT”…UP? Knock out???
After World War II many minorities especially African Americans thrived for a sense of equality. They pursued this through protests, freedom movements, and many other attempts to catch the attention of the government.
JFK assassination
March on Washington
Freedom Riders
Desegregation in Alabama
Hippie Movement

9. Why Could the results of the movement be called mixed? – 5 Word Bomb
Segregation
Black Panthers
Martin Luther King Jr.
White Flight
The Cold War

10. Why could the results of the movement be called mixed?
AF & BB
Why could the results of the movement be called mixed?
The civil rights movement had mixed results in that it succeeded in overturning many discrimination laws but could not unseat entranced de facto discrimination. Many African Americans still suffer from poverty and the lack of opportunities. 
Racism
Banned segregation
Destitution
De jure
Less chances
Voting rights