1. Submitted by Y.Venkata Ramireddy M.Sc Chemistry
HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES
Submitted by
Y.Venkata Ramireddy
M.Sc Chemistry

2. Introduction
Composite materials are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials that remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level while forming a single component.
There are two categories of constituent materials available in the composites.
Matrix
Reinforcement

3. Polymer as matrix
There are different polymers commonly used as a matrix
Nylons: Nylon represents a family of synthetic polymers and freqently referred to as polymide.

4. Polyolefins:
A polyolefin is a polymer produced from as imple olefin or alkene as a monomer.

5. Polystyrene:
Polystyrene is a polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum.

6. Epoxy resins
Epoxy or polyepoxide is a thermosetting epoxide polymer that cures when mixed with a catalyzing agent or hardener.

7. Polyethylene terephthalate: Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P, is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibers for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fiber for engineering resins.

8. Nano materials as a filter
Mechanical properties
Decreased permeability to gasses, water and hydrocarbon
Thermal stability and heat distortion temperature
Flame retardancy and reduced smoke emission.
Chemical resistance
Surface appearance
Electrical conductivity

9. Nano structured materials
Nano structured materials are a broad class of materials with microstructures modulated in zero to three dimensions on length scales less than 100 nm it arrangement of atom in man-sized clusters, which become the constituent grains or building blocks of the material.

10. Classes of nanostructured materials
Synthesis of nonostructured material
Chemical synthesis
Mechanical deformation
Friciton or sliding wear techniqune

11. Application
Mechanical property improvements have resulted in major interets in nanocomposite materails in numerous automotive and general industrial applications.
Gas barriers
Oxygen barriers
Food packaging
Fuel tanks
Films
Environmental protection
Flammability reduction

12. Gas barriers: The gaseous barrier property improvement that can result from incorporation of relatively small quantities of nanoclay materials is shown to be substantial.
Oxygen barriers: Scientists at Honeywell have been active in developing a combined active passive oxygen barrier system for polymide materials.

13. Food packaging: Triton systems and the US Army are conducting further work on barrier performance in a joint investigation.
Fuel tanks: The ability of nanoclay incorporation to reduce solvent transmission through polymenrs such as polyamides has been demonstrated by the scientists.

14. Films: The presence of filter incorporation at nano levels has also been shown to have significant effects on the transparency and have characteristics of films.
Environmental protection:
Water lader atmospheres have long been regarded as one of the most damaging environments.