1. ITKS540 Introduction to mobile technology and business
Jani Kurhinen
Fall 2008
Sumber dari : users.jyu.fi/~kurhinen/itks540/itks540_08_L1.ppt
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

2. University of Jyväskylä
Contents
The course provides overall view of the mobile computing sector:
Technologies
Application scenarios
Communication
Entertainment
Industrial
Social aspects
Business models and scenarios
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

3. University of Jyväskylä
Study methods
Traditional lectures
Slides will be available.
Group discussions as a part of a lecture
Tuesdays in September (3 times).
Self-study material will be provided on previous Thursday.
One assignment work.
Final examination.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

4. University of Jyväskylä
Evaluation
Normal numerical grading (1-5)
15p = 1, 27p = 5; max 30p
Final examination:
5 questions, á 6p
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

5. Motivation to the course
The development of both information technology hardware and software has created new possibilities and challenges:
The current technology enables the usage of real time data.
Availability and a speed of networks are limited.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

6. Motivation to the course
There are a lot of different types of wireless devices for different purposes.
Users of the wireless or mobile terminals have totally different needs from an old- fashioned PC user.
Mobile computing is different from traditional stationary computing.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

7. What are mobile applications?
When talking about mobile applications the client device is expected to be a pocket-fitting device.
Smart phones, palm-size or handheld computers...
This type of services are targeted for devices of the macro-mobile environment.
Small size, limited bandwidth, low processing power.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

8. An alternative approach
Essential part of current computing infrastructure.
User needs vary from lightweight entertainment to heavyweight industrial systems
(or vice versa)
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

9. Why are mobile applications needed?
People are moving even more than before
They must still be able to manage contacts and events and access networked information.
The web created new needs for availability of information.
Instant access to needed data.
Data must be available 24h a day.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

10. Why are mobile applications needed?
What is mobile computing?
Usually mobile computing is associated with web access using the cell phone.
A connection from the field to an internal network of a company is also easily considered as mobile computing.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

11. Why are mobile applications needed?
Mobile computing also includes any kind of data processing with some kind of an easily portable device whether or not it has a connection to a network or other devices.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

12. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile vs. wireless
What does wireless mean?
Wireless defines a way to connect two or more devices to each other.
Mobile
Wireless
Cell phone
Infrared connection
Pager
Bluetooth connection
Electronic calendar
WiFi connection
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

13. How does mobilisation change the types of services?
Quality of service may vary during the connection.
Bandwidth, delay, reliability.
Security issues must be considered.
Man-in-the-middle.
Lost/stolen client terminal.
Lost data.
Context sensitivity.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

14. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile content
User rates of the Internet and mobile phones are high in the same countries.
It seems that these techniques spread all over the world hand in hand.
"Developing in HTML for Web is soon going to be as sexy as developing in Cobol for the IBM S/360" --Johan Hjelm 2000
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

15. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile content
If a user doesn't get positive user experience, he/she will disappoint to the whole system
Not just your service or the terminal, but also everything in between.
Instead of designing for presentation, you need to design for the whole user experience.
Not to make information look nice, but to make it work well.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

16. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile content
Data connection made with mobile terminal differs from connection made with PC.
You are not just browsing in the web, but you need (or want) something.
Users are not interested to have web everywhere, they just want the data.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

17. Development of the mobile services
In the first phase engineers tried to think what could be fitted into 160 characters.
Phone numbers, addresses, horoscopes…
The second phase was translating existing (web) services to mobile terminals.
The third one is to create new services to mobile terminals.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

18. Development of the mobile computing
The era started when movement of people become crucial.
The first phase was nomadic computing.
It wasn't anymore enough to share data between co-workers at the office.
The mobility of the people and
data access were the key elements.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

19. Development of the mobile computing
For nomadic computing the data access include
communication,
personal information management,
information access and
temporary storing of modified data.
Note that the mobility of the computing devices are not necessary required, but mobility of the data and user profiles.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

20. Development of the mobile computing
The second phase was true mobile computing.
Users require that they are able not just to be mobile, but also perform data processing tasks while moving.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

21. Development of the mobile computing
Originally the true mobile computing had two main reasons:
wireless access to networks (both communication and information) and
management of rapidly changing personal data.
Today entertainment and leisure activities have important role.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

22. Development of the mobile computing
The purpose of mobile devices was not to replace desktop workstations or server computers.
The purpose was to offer a new way to deal with information.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

23. University of Jyväskylä
The cost of mobility
Mobile elements are resource poor when compared to static elements.
Mobile device should be small.
The size of the mobile device leads to smaller resources.
Mobile elements are easier to be damaged, stolen or lost.
They are fragile, valuable and small.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

24. University of Jyväskylä
The cost of mobility
Mobile elements rely on batteries.
Energy for running mobile device must be carried with the device.
Only finite time of battery power is available.
Wireless networks are more expensive, slower and less reliable.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

25. University of Jyväskylä
The cost of mobility
A resource-poor mobile device can’t be the only data processing device.
Data must be synchronised with other computing devices.
Mobile computing systems are not yet standardised enough.
Every mobile platform offers its own applications and service solutions.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

26. Mobile terminals don’t suite for every situation
If a new technology doesn’t bring along any value it shouldn’t be used.
Is the form of the data such kind that it is meaningful to present on a screen of a mobile terminal?
Large database tables of multimedia presentations would not be best viewed with a tiny screen.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

27. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile computing
What if mobile computing could be more?
Mobile device is usually regarded just a mobile device.
Everything that has something to do with a wireless or mobile are classified to the same category.
A vehicle-mounted terminal in a lift truck has only a little common with a smart phone.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

28. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile computing
Because of wide range of requirements it is impossible to offer one device for everyone.
Different kinds of devices are needed to fulfill users’ needs.
One needs as small a phone with a calendar as possible while other needs water resistant tool that won’t break easily.
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

29. University of Jyväskylä
Mobile computing
It is important to understand that there are multiple types of mobile environments.
Each environment has its own users and own dedicated mobile devices.
What kind of devices can be classified as a mobile computing device?
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä

30. University of Jyväskylä
Smart phone
Communicator
Handheld computer
Tablet computer
Mobility (size)
Ultra portable
Laptop
Primary purpose of use
Communication
Data processing
Fall 2008
University of Jyväskylä