1. Questions of the Day Describe how wind is created.
What happens to air pressure as I hike up a mountain?
What instrument measures air pressure?

2. Global and Local Winds

3. Wind is the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
Air Movement
Wind is the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
The greater the difference, the faster the wind moves

4. Differences in air pressure are caused by the uneven heating of Earth
Uneven heating produces pressure belts which occur every 30° latitude

6. As warm air rises at the equator and moves toward the poles, it cools
Pressure Belts
As warm air rises at the equator and moves toward the poles, it cools
As it cools, some of the air sinks around 30° north and south of the equator

7. At the poles, cold air sinks and moves towards the equator
Pressure Belts
At the poles, cold air sinks and moves towards the equator
Around 60° north and south, the air begins to heat up and rise

8. Coriolis Effect
Because the Earth rotates, and consists of a mixture of land and sea, the Coriolis Effect exists
The Coriolis Effect is the movement of particles (such as air) to the right in the Northern Hemisphere
How about the South?
They move to the left

9. Coriolis Effect

10. Coriolis Effect
• Coriolis Effect – Rotation of the Earth causes moving air and water to change directions
• Northern Hemisphere winds curve to the right
• Southern Hemisphere winds curve to the left.

11. These are polar easterlies, prevailing westerlies, and trade winds
Global Winds
The combination of pressure belts and the Coriolis Effect cause global winds
These are polar easterlies, prevailing westerlies, and trade winds

12. 30 60 90
Warm Moist Air Rises

13. 30 60 90
Warm Moist Air Rises
Cool Dry Air Sinks

14. 90 30 60 Cold Moist Air Rises Cool Dry Air Sinks Warm Moist Air Rises60 90
Warm Moist Air Rises
Cool Dry Air Sinks
Cold Moist Air Rises
Cold Moist Air Rises

15. 90 30 60 Cold Moist Air Rises Cool Dry Air Sinks Warm Moist Air Rises60 90
Warm Moist Air Rises
Cool Dry Air Sinks
Very Cold Air Sinks
Cold Moist Air Rises
Cold Moist Air Rises
Very Cold Air Sinks

16. L H 90 30 60 Cold Moist Air Rises Cool Dry Air Sinks60 90
Warm Moist Air Rises
Cool Dry Air Sinks
Very Cold Air Sinks
Cold Moist Air Rises
Cold Moist Air Rises
Very Cold Air Sinks

17. Wind Moves from HIGH to LOW30 60 90
Wind Moves from HIGH to LOW

18. Objects are deflected to the RIGHT in the Northern Hemisphere30 60 90

20. Wind belts that extend from the poles to 60° latitude
Polar Easterlies
Wind belts that extend from the poles to 60° latitude
Formed from cold sinking air moving from the poles creating cold temperatures

22. Prevailing Westerlies
Wind belts found between 30° and 60° latitude
Flow towards the poles from west to east carrying moist air over the United States

24. Winds that blow from 30° almost to the equator
Trade Winds
Winds that blow from 30° almost to the equator
Called the trade winds because of their use by early sailors

26. Doldrums
Located along the equator where no winds blow because the warm rising air creates and area of low pressure

27. Most deserts on the Earth are located here because of the dry air
Horse Latitudes
Occur at about 30° north and south of the equator where the winds are very weak
Most deserts on the Earth are located here because of the dry air

28. Separates warm air from cold air
Jet Stream
The jet streams are narrow belts of high speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
Separates warm air from cold air

29. Jet Streams
Jet Streams form at latitudes where wind systems come together
High speed westerly winds form high above the surface

31. What brings certain weather phenomenon?
El Nino
La Nina
occurs when the surface temperature rises above the normal water temperature in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean creating more humidity in the atmosphere
Known to increase number of hurricanes
Occur more frequently (every 3-7 years)
occurs when the surface temperature falls below the normal water temperature in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean creating a more dry atmosphere
Known to create drought conditions

32. Generally move short distances and can blow in any direction
Local Winds
Generally move short distances and can blow in any direction
Caused by geographic features that produce temperature differences

33. Local Winds • Cover short distances • Blow from any direction • 2 Types of Local Winds – Sea Breezes- from sea to land – Land Breezes – from land to sea

34. Air moves from the ocean to the land creating a sea breeze
Sea Breezes
High pressure is created over the ocean during the day and low pressure over land due to uneven heating
Air moves from the ocean to the land creating a sea breeze

36. Land Breezes
Low pressure occurs over the ocean during the night and high pressure over land due to the uneven heating of earth
This causes wind to move from the land to the ocean creating a land breeze

38. What’s the difference?

39. Question 1
What causes winds?

40. Answer
Winds are caused by the uneven heating of Earth’s surface, which causes pressure differences

41. What are the three types of global winds?
Question 2
What are the three types of global winds?

42. Answer
Polar Easterlies
Westerlies
Trade Winds

43. What is the difference between a land breeze and a sea breeze?
Question 3
What is the difference between a land breeze and a sea breeze?

44. Answer
Sea breezes occur during the day when the land is warmer than water and a land breeze occurs at night when the water is warmer than land

45. Global Wind Patterns Flipbook
Cut out the outline map. Set aside.
Fold 2 sheets of paper long ways in half
Cut both pieces in half long ways along the fold lines. Keep three strips of paper.
Stack the papers on top of each other.

46. Global Wind Patterns Flipbook
Shift the papers over so that there is approximately one cm between each one
At the middle of the stack fold the papers under so that each tab is about a cm across
Staple
Glue outline map on front tab

47. Global Wind Patterns Flipbook
Fill in an label the global wind patterns using the following colors. Use the same colors when writing the name of the wind on the tabs
Doldrums-red
Tradewinds-orange
Horse latitudes-yellow
Westerlies-green
Polar easterlies-blue

48. Global Wind Patterns Flipbook
Draw arrows using black to indicate the directions of the winds movement due to the Coriolis Effect
On the tabs above each item (above the terms) give a detailed description of the concept