1. กำหนดการเรียนการสอนครั้งที่ ๙
ENL 3701
กำหนดการเรียนการสอนครั้งที่ ๙

2. กำหนดเวลา หัวข้อ เนื้อเรื่อง และกิจกรรม
Session
And Time
Topics
Content
Activities
Review of the
Last week
Transformational
Grammar (TG)
1.1 Rewrite rules
1.2 TG applications
Do exercises
From Text p. 119
Case Grammar
2. Fig 1
3. DS &Reading
Exercises
pp.122, 127
Cardona’s OLI
4. Syntactic Structure
5. Semantic Knowledge
p. 156
Q & A
Practice writing answers

3. TG Rewrite Rules 1. S ------ NP + VP 2. VP---- V + NP
3. NP---- D + N
Replacement
N----- dog, cat, man
V----- chases, frightens, ignores
D----- the, a
Sentence constructions rules
1. Replace S---- NP + VP
2. Change VP to V + VP = NP+V+NP
3. Replace NP 2 times with D + N
We get SS D + N + V + D + N

4. TG Applications: Structure -Meaning
1. Active  Passive
D1+N1+V+D2+N2 == D2 + N2+Be(is)V(ed)+by+D1+N1
1a. the dog chases a cat. ( Active)
1b. a cat is chased by the dog (Passive
2. Active Positives  Active Negatives
2a the dog chases a cat-- the dog (does not) chases a cat.
3. Passive Positives ----- Passive negatives
3a a cat is chased by the dog a cat (is not) chased by the dog
Practice apply TG rules
1.active positive  active negatives
2.passive positive  passive negatives

5. Case Grammar meaning---Structure
See Figure 1
Construct sentences S-NP + VP + NP
Agent (N) boy, Mali D (a, the)
Theme (V) write, break
Instrument (N) pen, spoon
Object (N) letter, egg
Manner (Adv,) quickly
Time (N) today, tonight
Location (N) home, kitchen
Connective (prep. conj.) at, by, with
The boy writes a letter with a pen quickly today.
Agent Theme Object Prep Instrument Adv Time