1. Theories of Personality Power Point Presentation by Christopher T
Theories of Personality Power Point Presentation by Christopher T. Arra, Ph.D. Northern Virginia Community College
cover title page
This presentation copyright Susan C. Cloninger. Some images are from "Holy Cow! 250,000 Graphics," by Macmillan Digital Publishing USA.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

2. CHAPTER SIX HORNEY AND RELATIONAL THEORY: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

3. Chapter Overview INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS: HORNEY
Basic Anxiety and Basic Hostility
Three Interpersonal Orientations
Moving toward People: The Self-Effacing Solution
Moving against People: The Expansive Solution
Moving away from People: The Resignation Solution
Healthy Versus Neurotic Use of Interpersonal Orientations
Major Adjustments to Basic Anxiety
Eclipsing the Conflict: Moving toward or against Others
Detachment: Moving away from Others
The Idealized Self: Moving away from the Real Self
Externalization: Projection of Inner Conflict
NOTE REDUCED LINE SPACING IN HORNEY CHAPTER; CONSIDER BREAKING INTO 2 SLIDES INSTEAD; NOTE OMISSION OF BULLET ON MAJOR HEADERS AND ADDITIONAL LINE SPACING BEFORE THE RELATIONAL APPROACH; header, text p. 3 NEW FORMAT 8/9—TO DO FOR ALL CHAPTERS
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

4. Chapter Overview INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS: HORNEY Cont.
Secondary Adjustment Techniques
Cultural Determinants of Development
Gender Roles
Cross-Cultural Differences
Therapy
Self-Analysis
Parental Behavior and Personality Development
NOTE REDUCED LINE SPACING IN HORNEY CHAPTER; CONSIDER BREAKING INTO 2 SLIDES INSTEAD; NOTE OMISSION OF BULLET ON MAJOR HEADERS AND ADDITIONAL LINE SPACING BEFORE THE RELATIONAL APPROACH; header, text p. 3 NEW FORMAT 8/9—TO DO FOR ALL CHAPTERS
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

5. Chapter Overview THE RELATIONAL APPROACH WITHIN PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
The Sense of Self in Relationships
Narcissism
Attachment in Infancy and Adulthood
Infant Attachment
Adult Attachments and Relationships
Longitudinal Studies of Attachment
Parenting
Therapy
NOTE REDUCED LINE SPACING IN HORNEY CHAPTER; CONSIDER BREAKING INTO 2 SLIDES INSTEAD; NOTE OMISSION OF BULLET ON MAJOR HEADERS AND ADDITIONAL LINE SPACING BEFORE THE RELATIONAL APPROACH; header, text p. 3 NEW FORMAT 8/9—TO DO FOR ALL CHAPTERS
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

6. Preview of Horney’s Theory and Object Relations Theory
Table 2.1 (p. 35)
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

7. Karen Horney Born in Germany in 1885
Authoritarian sea captain Lutheran father
Studied medicine at the University of Freiburg
Established the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute in 1920
Moved to the US in 1932 to practice psychoanalysis
Studied Zen Buddhism
Died in 1952
header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

8. Basic Anxiety and Basic Hostility
BASIC ANXIETY: feeling lonely and helpless in a hostile world
BASIC HOSTILITY: must be repressed for survival and security
dependency
fear of parents
fear of loss of love
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

9. Three Interpersonal Orientations
moving toward (self-effacing solution)
moving against (expansive solution)
moving away (resignation solution)
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

10. Measurement of Interpersonal Orientation: The Cohen CAD Scale
“To have something good to say about everyone seems…”
[Moving Toward: Compliance Scale]
“For me to have enough money or power to impress self-styled “big shots” would be…”
[Moving Against: Aggression Scale]
“Being free of social obligations is…”
[Moving Away: Detachment Scale]
Items from Cohen CAD Scale [see text p. 171]
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

11. “the self-effacing solution”
needs affection and approval
needs a partner (friend; spouse; lover)
undemanding and compliant
lives life within narrow borders
manipulative demands
“poor me”; playing the martyr; the saint
represses competition or dominance
represses rage, anger, hostility
temper tantrums
MOVING TOWARD PEOPLE
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

12. “the expansive solution”
Machiavellian, likeable facade
needs control, dominance and power
exploits others
self-worth derived from success and prestige
chooses a partner to enhance prestige, wealth, or power
identifies with the ideal self
MOVING AGAINST PEOPLE
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

13. MOVING AWAY FROM PEOPLE
“the solution of resignation”
attitude of “I don't care about anything”
emotionally flat
self-sufficient; unassailable
counterdependent (need to never be dependent on anyone)
belittles own potential
lacks goals
overly sensitive to coercion or advice
vacillates between despised real self and ideal self
MOVING AWAY FROM PEOPLE
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

14. Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed. ) by Susan C
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

15. Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed. ) by Susan C
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

16. Healthy Versus Neurotic Use of Interpersonal Orientations
overemphasizes
one orientation
Healthy:
uses all
orientations
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

17. Neurotic trends disproportionate in intensity
indiscriminant in application
everyone must love me; I must be better than everyone; etc.
disregard for reality
intense anxiety if not satisfied
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

18. MAJOR ADJUSTMENTS TO BASIC ANXIETY:
eclipsing the conflict
detachment
the idealized self
alienation from the real self
the tyranny of the shoulds
externalization
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

19. SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES:
blind spots
compartmentalizing
rationalization
excessive self-control
arbitrary rightness
elusiveness
cynicism
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

20. Cultural Determinants Of Development
Gender Roles
Achievement
Social Dominance
Valuing the Feminine Role
Womb Envy
Mental Health and Gender Roles
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

21. Cultural Determinants Of Development
Cross-Cultural Differences
Individualism
Collectivism
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

22. THERAPY Self-analysis personal journal
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

23. Parental Behavior and Personality Development
PARENTAL INDIFFERENCE:
THE “BASIC EVIL”
coldly indifferent
may be openly hostile, rejecting the child
child feels unwanted and unloved
caused by the parents’ own neuroses
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

24. The Relational Approach Within Psychoanalytic Theory
header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

25. header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

26. The Relational Approach Within Psychoanalytic Theory
Object Relations
header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

27. header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

28. The Sense of Self in Relationships
Early relationships
Sense of self
header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

29. Narcissism Narcissistic Personality Disorder Self-esteem
header, text p. 33
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

30. Attachment in Infancy and Adulthood
Infant Attachment
Adult Attachments and Relationships
Secure
Avoidant
Anxious-ambivalent
Longitudinal Studies of Attachment
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

31. Ainsworth’s Description of Infant Temperament Types Compared with Horney’s Model of Interpersonal Orientations
Table 6.3 (p. 178). Adapted from Feiring, 1984.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

32. A Model of Adult Attachment Styles
Table 6.4 (p. 179). Adapted in part from Sperling, Berman, & Fagen, The comparisons with Horney’s theory are added.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

33. Table 6.4 (p. 179). Adapted in part from Sperling, Berman, & Fagen, The comparisons with Horney’s theory are added.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

34. Parenting Emotional state Research and clinicians
Table 6.4 (p. 179). Adapted in part from Sperling, Berman, & Fagen, The comparisons with Horney’s theory are added.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

35. Therapy
Opportunity for transformation of old maladaptive relationship patterns to new, healthy ones
Table 6.4 (p. 179). Adapted in part from Sperling, Berman, & Fagen, The comparisons with Horney’s theory are added.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.

36. Chapter review INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS: HORNEY
Basic Anxiety and Basic Hostility
Three Interpersonal Orientations
Major Adjustments to Basic Anxiety
Secondary Adjustment Techniques
Cultural Determinants of Development
Therapy
Parental Behavior and Personality Development
THE RELATIONAL APPROACH WITHIN PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
The Sense of Self in Relationships
Narcissism
Attachment in Infancy and Adulthood
Parenting
Table 6.4 (p. 179). Adapted in part from Sperling, Berman, & Fagen, The comparisons with Horney’s theory are added.
Prepared to accompany Theories of Personality (6th ed.) by Susan C. Cloninger (2013), published by Pearson. All rights reserved.