1. The Cultural Geography of Africa South of the Sahara
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2. I. Section I
Population
Patterns
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3. A. Rapid Population Growth
Africa Statistics
Highest Birthrate & Death rate of the world
Births Still Outnumber Deaths!
Population Growth of this region is the highest in the world!
Highest Infant Mortality
Shortest Life Expectancy
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4. One factor – AIDS – could drastically change Africa’s population!
About 70% of the people with HIV live in Africa S. of the Sahara
At the end of 2000, about 17 million Africans had already died of AIDS – related diseases
What do you think some of the effects are of this issue?
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5. A. (cont) Population & Distribution
Not very many people for how much land there is!
If evenly spread, density would be about 76 people per sq. mi. (Unfortunately, it is not even)
Ex. – Rwanda – 817, Namibia – 6
Land & Climate affect distribution
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6. Population & Food Production
High population & economic challenges = not enough food!
70% of people are farmers, but there still is not enough food
Too many cash crops & not enough food grown for citizens
Tea Picking
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7. Population & Health Care
Famine, Malnutrition, Poor Water, Inadequate Sanitation, Diseases (Malaria) have claimed many lives
Insects such as mosquitoes & tsetse fly transmit disease
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8. Fetching Water: A Girl’s Life
Water Well in Ethiopia
Wash Day in Madagascar
Fetching Water: A Girl’s Life
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9. B. A Diverse Population Growing Cities Fastest rate of urbanization
Most cities are along the coasts, rivers, or rich natural resources
Lagos (Nigeria) – largest city in this region
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10. II. Section II History & Government Tribal leader Nigeria’s President
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11. A. African Roots First Civilizations Empires in the West
Around tens of thousands of years ago!
Egyptians – along the Nile River
Empires in the West
Trading empires began – Ghana & Mali
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12. B. European Colonization
The Slave Trade in Africa
1600 – 1700s Europeans were trading heavily w/Europeans
Gold, ivory, textiles, enslaved workers
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13. Europe Divides & Rules
1800s – 1914 – Europe had laid claim to all of Africa except Ethiopia, Liberia, and South Africa
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14. C. From Colonies to Countries
By mid-1900s, educated Africans had launched the independence movement
By the 2nd ½ of the century, the colonies became independent
Nigeria: A Colonial Legacy
Read map & timeline on pg. 523
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15. South Africa: Road to Freedom
Apartheid – separation of races
Did not end until the early 1990s
Universal Suffrage – voting rights for all citizens
Nelson Mandela – make sure you know who this is!
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16. III. Section III
Cultures & Lifestyles
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17. A. Languages More than 800 languages! Six major language categories
Soccer Fan from Ghana
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18. Lingua Franca – means common language
Usually French or English in this region
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19. B. Religions #1 – Christianity #2 – Muslim #3 – Traditional Religions
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20. C. Education Educational Advances
Education is improving in areas that have the needed resources
Only about 60% of people aged 15 and older can read & write
Literacy Rate – the ability of people to read & write
Rural areas are often lower
New Ways of Learning
Only 10 out of 1,000 people have a computer
Internet access is not available to many
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21. D. The Arts Masks, drums, textiles, dance, music
Oral tradition – passing down stories through generations
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22. E. Varied Lifestyles Families are very important Extended Families
Clans
Nuclear Family
Sudanese Wedding
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