1. Philip & Alexander

2. Philip of Macedonia – 359 BC
Hostage in Greece
Admired Greek culture / military
Goal – Unify Greece into a powerful Empire
Conquers Poleis though
War
Bribery
Marriage (7 wives)

3. 338 BC – conquered all but Sparta
336 – murdered before launching war against Persia

4. Alexander the Great 21 years old – King of Macedonia & Greece
Tutored by Aristotle
334 BC launches war against Persia
Goals:
Punish Persia for invasions of Greece
Create an empire combining the best of Greek & Persian culture

5. Conquers: Asia Minor Eastern Mediterranean coast Egypt
Alexandria Egypt becomes his capital

6. Alexander’s Empire

7. Cultural Diffusion  Hellenistic Culture
Hellenic culture = culture of Greek golden age
Hellenistic Culture = the culture of Alexander's Empire combining Greek & Persian traditions.
Adopts Persian styles
Marries Persian princess
Encouraged Greek – Persian marriage (10,000)
Invited Persians into the army
Creates 70 cities throughout Persia to be centers of Greek language, culture and government

8. Death of Alexander near Indus  Breakup of the Empire
3 generals
Antigonus (Greek portion)
Ptolemy (Egyptian portion) Cleopatra
Seleucus (Asian portion)

9. Legacy
Alexander preserved & spread Greek culture and literature in a time when it otherwise might have disappeared
Alexander influenced the Roman desire for conquest of the Mediterranean and its adoption of Greek philosophy and learning