2. Unit I: Lesson 1
Geography
Pre-history
History
Revolution
Civilization

3. Identify 10 details you see in this scene.
How would you describe the scene?
Who are the people involved?
What do you hear, smell, taste and feel in this scene?
What action do you see in this scene?

4. resources available to them.
GEOGRAPHY IS:
the study of
people, their
environment, and the
resources available to them.

5. THE HUMAN STORY 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY: Place Movement Region Human-
Environment
Interaction
Location

6. humanity’s past based on written records (evidence):
HISTORY IS:
humanity’s past based on written records (evidence):
recorded time beginning about
5,000 yrs. ago
found in letters, tax records, diaries, film, photographs, and on the
internet

7. History is based on three factors, each one affecting the other
two (ESP): E
conomics
Society P
olitics

8. TRAITS OF PRE-HISTORIC PALEOLITHIC (OLD STONE) AGE:
nomadic
used a spoken language
wore clothing
were technical (could make & use tools)
caves / over-hangs as shelters
built fires for
light,
warmth,
protection,
cooking
belief in an afterlife ?

9. THE NEOLITHIC (NEW STONE) AGE INTRODUCED AN AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION:
People B/4:
hunted
gathered
nomadic
push factors
People after:
learned to farm
produced own food
settled in villages
domesticated animals
pull factors

10. BASIC FEATURES OF CIVILIZATIONS:
Farmers cultivated lands along river valleys, producing surplus food >
Surpluses caused populations to expand >
As populations grew, villages swelled into
cities.

11. EFFECTS OF THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION: Changed the way humans lived
Use of agriculture allowed humans to develop permanent settlements, social classes, & new technologies
Some of these early groups settled in the fertile valleys of
the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Yellow, and Indus Rivers
This resulted in the rise of great civilizations in
Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India
In the Americas, groups of Asian hunters crossed a land-bridge connecting Asia and
Alaska along what is now known as the
Bering Strait. By spreading southwards, they settled along lakes and rivers where they experienced their own
Neolithic Revolution in which they learned to grow maize. *

12. A CIVILIZATION:
is a complex, highly organized, social order with the following 5 traits:

13. 1). cities (centers of trade for a larger area)

14. 2). advanced technology

15. 3). specialized (specifically trained) workers
4). form of writing

16. 5). Complex institutions:
White House Congress
a. form of government
b. organized religion

17. HOW DO CIVILIZATIONS SPREAD AND CHANGE?
Ancient rulers often gained enough
power to conquer territories beyond their cities;
these rulers, therefore, created
city-states and;
even more powerful rulers often created
empires;
Civilizations can also change when the natural environment changes.
Interaction among people also causes environments to change.

18. CULTURAL DIFFUSION IS:
the spread of ideas,
customs, & technologies from one people to another through migration, trade, &
warfare.

19. INDIVIDUAL YEARS OF DATING HISTORY:
B.C. = b/4 the birth of
Christ or B.C.E.
(b/4 the Common Era)
A.D. =
“Anno Domini” – (since the birth of Christ) or C. E.
(since the Common Era)

20. AGES OR ERAS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION:=
Ancient Times: 4000 B.C. – A.D. 500 (until the fall of the Roman Empire)
Medieval Times (the Middle Ages): A.D. 500 (from the fall of Rome) – A.D (until the Italian Renaissance)

21. Modern Times A.D. 1400 (when Italian Renaissance began)
to the present

22. LETS REVIEW WHAT WE KNOW SO FAR!
Oink or Cackle?
LETS REVIEW WHAT WE KNOW SO FAR!

23. The five themes of geography are: human-environment interaction, location, place, movement, and ___
region

24. Geography is the study of people, their ___, and the resources made available to them.
environment

25. When people changed from hunting and gathering their food to settling in villages and learning to farm their own crops and raise their own animals, this change became known as the ___ ___.
Neolithic Revolution

26. Humanity’s past based on written records is called ___.
history

27. A complex, highly organized social order is called ____.
civilization

28. The three factors that always relate to and affect one another are economics, society, and ___.
politics

29. The spreading of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another through migration, trade, or war is called ___ ___.
cultural diffusion

30. How did Asian groups during the Stone Age arrive in the Americas?
They crossed a land bridge that is now known as the Bering Strait.

31. centers of trade (cities)
The five characteristics or traits that constitute any civilization are: specialized workers, advanced technology, form of writing, complex institutions (government & religion), and ___.
centers of trade (cities)

32. Which era of Western Civilization ended with the fall of the Roman Empire in A.D. 476?
Ancient Times

33. Medieval Times (Middle Ages)
Which era of Western Civilization began with the fall of the Roman Empire?
Medieval Times (Middle Ages)

34. Modern Times (present times)
Which era of Western Civilization began with the Italian Renaissance?
Modern Times (present times)

35. This economic system is the one practiced in the United States.
capitalism

36. People in ancient civilizations practiced this when they moved from their farming communities to centers of trade to work as skilled artisans and merchants:
urbanization

37. TERMS:
Latin term for A. D. meaning “in the year of our Lord” or “since the birth of Christ”
Anno Domini
a state that controls other lands and peoples
empire
kind of government headed by religious leaders
theocracy
dictatorial government controlling all aspects of life
totalitarian
a small, usually wealthy, group that holds political power
oligarchy
ruler with unlimited power
autocrat
A line of rulers from the same family
dynasty