1. From Korean War to Vietnam War
Cold War (1953 – 1964)
From Korean War to Vietnam War

2. Eisenhower’s Cold War Foreign Policy

3. Eisenhower and the Cold War
Sec. of State John F. Dulles
Containment: ineffective
“Rollback” Soviet presence in E. Europe
“Liberate captive people”
“Massive retaliation”
“Brinkmanship”

4. Eisenhower Foreign Policy
Massive Retaliation
Focus military spending on nukes and air power
Instill fear by promising massive reaction
Brinkmanship – go to the brink of war to preserve peace
“In any fight…it’s the man who is willing to die that will win”
MAD
Mutual Assured Destruction
US/Soviets should not use nukes, because they will simply destroy one another
Starts under Eisenhower
ICBM
Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile
First-Strike capability
Must be able to strike quickly, and before your enemy

5. Nuclear Arms Race

6. Cold War in Asia French Indochina wins freedom
Vietnam is split at 17th parallel
‘55-’61 U.S. gives $1bil. in aid to S.V.
Domino Theory – if S.V. falls the rest of Asia may too
SEATO – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
US, GB, Fr, NZ, Phil., Thail, Pak all agree to defend region

7. Eisenhower’s Policies
Hungarian Revolt (1956): condemns it, but no interference – U.S. does not support those fighting communism
Suez Crisis:
Nasser takes over Suez Canal to raise $ for dam project;
Br., Fr. & Israel take military action
US condemns & pressures Br. & Fr.
Soviet strengthens position here
Eisenhower Doctrine: support M.E. nations threatened by Communism

8. Eisenhower Doctrine
Aid to ME Countries threatened by armed aggression
Specifically mentions threats from Communist nations

9. Sputnik 1957 – Soviets launch a satellite into space
YouTube - Sputnik, 1st Space Satellite Launched by Soviets 1957/10/7
U.S. fearful they have fallen behind in tech and
U.S. pours $ into science, math and tech
A dog in space YouTube - Laika

10. U-2 Pilot
Gary Powers

11. The U-2 Incident – 5/1/60 U-2 Spy plane is shot down over Soviet Union
Gary Powers is captured
spying on bases
Eisenhower refuses to apologize, hurts relationship with Soviets

12. The Berlin Wall 8/13/

13. Citizens Fleeing Communism

16. Cuba and the Cold War

17. The Bay of Pigs Invasion
April 17,1961
JFK new in office
CIA to train Cuban exiles and set off uprising
2 days, massive failure
No uprising follows
Exiles are crushed
Kennedy is embarrassed
No longer trusts military advisers

18. Cuban Missile Crisis
October 16, 1962

23. Cuban Missile Crisis Castro is fearful of US Allies with Soviets
Plans for Soviet nuclear bases on Cuba
10/16/1962 – US discovers the bases
YouTube - Kennedy addresses the nation on the Cuban Missile Crisis
YouTube - On the Brink of Destruction: The Cuban Missile Crisis

25. The Basics YouTube - Trailer Thirteen-Days Soviets put nukes in Cuba
US wants them out
Soviets claim they are defensive
US blockades Cuba, daring Soviets to send ships through
Peace
Soviets remove missiles
US removes missiles from Turkey
US will leave Castro alone

26. JFK and the Cold War Kennedy’s “Flexible Response” Cold War in Asia
To fight communism in Africa, Asia, SE Asia the U.S. needs:
Smaller, mobile military forces
Ex. Green Berets
Cold War in Asia
French Indochina wins freedom
Vietnam is split at 17th parallel
‘55-’61 U.S. gives $1bil. in aid to S.V.
Domino Theory – if S.V. falls the rest of Asia may too
SEATO – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
US, GB, Fr, NZ, Phil., Thail, Pak all agree to defend region

27. Cold War and the Effects on Public

31. YouTube - Do It Yourself Fallout Shelter
Duck and Cover