1. Immigrants – Industry - Improvements
Unit 1 – 3 “I’s”
Immigrants – Industry Improvements

2. The New Immigrants

3. Through the Golden Door
Many escaped difficult conditions such as famine, land shortages, religious and political persecution
“Birds of Passage” wanted to immigrate temporarily for money then return home
What ethnic group came to Idaho?

4. Europeans Between 1870-1920, 20 million Europeans arrived in the U.S.
Before 1890, most from western and northern Europe
From 1890s, increasing numbers from southern and eastern Europe
The Hoiby family 1890.
They left Norway because they were starving

5. Reasons for leaving Escape religious persecution
Jews were driven out of Russia by pogroms
Left because of rising populations
European pop. doubled to 400 mil.
Farmland became scarce
Farmers competed with labors for scarce industrial jobs
Spirit of reform and Revolt spread across Europe during 19th century
Young men & women sought independent lives in America
The term pogrom as a reference to large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting only saw use beginning in the 19th century

6. Chinese 1851-1883, 300,000 Chinese arrived
Seek gold fortunes after 1848 Cal. gold rush
Helped build the Nation’s railroads
Turned to farming, mining and domestic services
Chinese immigration limited by Congressional Act in 1882

7. Japanese 1884 – Japanese immigration boom begins
1898 annex of Hawaii increases Japanese immigration to West Coast
Higher American wages
from 30,000 (1907) to 200,000 by 1920 on the West Coast

8. West Indies & Mexico
, 260,000 immigrants from the West Indies: Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico & others
Left homelands due to scarce jobs & promise of work in US from industrial boom
Mexicans came north for work and to escape political turmoil
1902 National Reclamation Act created new farmland and drew Mexican workers
Political and social upheaval in Mexico 1910 started, 700,000 Mexicans immigrate over the next 20 years (7% of the population)

9. Life in the New Land A difficult journey, usually by steamship
From Europe 1 week, Asia 3 weeks
Three classes of passenger
3rd class traveled in cheap accommodations (cargo holds)
Rarely allowed on deck, crowded
Louse infected bunks, shared toilets
Disease spread quick

10. Ellis Island
Inspection station in New York Harbor is where European immigrants had to pass inspections
About 20% of the immigrants were detained for a day or more before inspection
Only about 2% of those were denied entry

11. Processing Physical examination by a doctor Government inspector
Those with serious health problems, or contagious diseases were sent home
Government inspector
Checked documents and questioned immigrant on whether they met legal requirements: Proof never convicted of a felony, demonstrate ability to work, and had some money
it was the chief immigration station, processing nearly 17 million immigrants

12. Angel Island Inspection station in San Francisco
Process Asian Immigrants (primarily Chinese)
50,000 Chinese were processed between
Immigrants endured harsh questioning and long detentions in ramshackle facilities
More restrictive than Ellis Island

13. Hyphenated Americans
Committed to own cultures while growing into new identities
Friction with people born in America – viewed immigrants as a threat to the American way of life

14. Cooperation for Survival
Challenges
Finding a place to live
Getting a job
Trying to understand unfamiliar languages and cultures
Life Rafts – immigrants congregating with people who shared same cultural values, religions, and languages
People pooled money to build churches or synagogues
Formed social clubs and aid societies
Founded orphanages and old people’s homes
Published newspapers in their own languages

15. Learning Outcomes
The “new immigrants” were those who arrived in the U.S. between They were mainly from Eastern and Southern European countries (Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Russia).
Angel Island on the West coast was the main entry for Asian immigrants. Ellis Island on the East coast was the main port of entry for the European immigrants
U.S. efforts to limit immigration was done through immigration quotas

16. Daily assignment Work on the vocab DBQ’s Document Project
18.1,18.2,18.3
Interpret the Evidence Put it in context
Document Project ,
Interpret the Evidence #1-5
Put it in context