1. Cell Organelles Unit 2: Cells
Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org

2. Let’s Review!
Two cell types

4. Prokaryotes - Bacteria

5. Eukaryotes
Nucleus

6. Two Types of Eukaryotic Cells

7. Cell Organelles Organelle = “little organs” Found only in
Many are “membrane-bound” (a membrane surrounds the organelle)
Cytosol: watery matrix that organelles float in
Cytoplasm: Everything in a cell except the nucleus
You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”

8. Cell Membrane Functions: Factory Part: Found in:
Emphasize word parts here:
phospho= phosphate head; lipid= fatty acid tail
bi= 2

9. Nucleus Factory Part: Found in: Stores DNA (chromosomes)
Surrounded by the nuclear membrane
Pores let material in and out
Also contains the Nucleolus, which makes ribosomes
Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.
Factory Part:
Found in:

10. Ribosome Factory Part: Found in: Smallest organelle
NOT surrounded by a membrane
Two Types:
Factory Part:
Machines
Found in:
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.

11. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Functions:
Two Types:
Factory Part:
Found in:
It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

12. Golgi Apparatus Function: Factory Part: Found in:
AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.

13. Lysosomes Factory Part: Found in: Functions:
Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

14. Mitochondria Factory Part: Found in: Functions:
Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.
Sugar + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + ATP
ATP = Adenosine triphosphate

15. Chloroplast Factory Part: Found in: Function:
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.
Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water Sugar + Oxygen

16. Cell Wall Factory Part: Found in: Function:
This is an actual microscopic image. Explain that the colors are added digitally to enhance the different parts.

17. Vacuoles Factory Part: Found in: Functions:
The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.

18. Cell City Analogy Cell Organelles City Analogies
Cell Membrane City border
Cell Wall City Wall
Cytoplasm Lawns
Endoplasmic Reticulum Highway or road system
Ribosomes Lumber or brick yard
Golgi Bodies Post Office or UPS
Chloroplasts Solar Energy Plants
Nuclear Membrane City Hall Fence with security guard
Mitochondria Energy Plants
Nucleus City Hall
DNA Original Blueprints or the city
RNA Copies of Blueprints
Nucleolus Copy Machine
Lysosomes Waste Disposal/ Recyclers
Vacuole Warehouses, water towers or garbage dumps
Protoplasm Air or atmosphere
Chromosomes Rolled up blueprints
Proteins Lumber or bricks