1. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: The Captains of Industry
SOCIAL DARWINISM: Survival of the fittest is most closely in tune with a capitalist system. Individuals, just like species, have in their nature, the ability and will to survive and thrive.
LAISSEZ FAIRE: A government does not have the right to intervene in the economic and business endeavors of a society

2. What is Vertical Integration/Vertical Monopoly?
Originally made his money through investment in the Pennsylvania Railroad
Realized that the growth of railroads involved a need for more steel, so he invested in steel
He used his steel company to complement his railroads and developed a vertical monopoly

3. What is horizontal integration/monopoly?
He discovered oil and then invested in discovering more.
He started the Standard Oil Company
He used the capital and success of his oil company to buy out lesser oil companies, eventually controlling most of the country’s oil resources.
In doing so he created a Horizontal monopoly in the oil industry

4. At Issue: Robber Barons versus Muckrakers
Robber baron is a negative term for those who used shady business practices to gain a selfish personal advantage during the ‘Guilded Age”
A ‘Captain of Industry” is a positive term for someone who used entrepreneurship and ingenuity to help the country progress during the ‘Guilded Age’
A muckraker is a positive term used to describe one who works hard to dig up the truth. These men and women are considered the basis of the ‘Progressive Era’
A Yellow is a negative term for a sensationalist journalist that attempted to tarnish reputations and disrupt and impact growth.

5. YOUR TASK: Define the two Eras and Choose one person in each to investigate. Be able to discuss them from BOTH PERSPECTIVES!
John Jay
John Jacob Astor
William Randolph Hearst
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Henry Ford
JP Morgan
William Boss Tweed
Alexander Graham Bell
Ida Tarbell
Jacob Riis
Lewis Hine
Upton Sinclair
Lincoln Steffens
Nelly Bly
Ambrose Bierce
Helen Hunt Jackson

6. Key Vocabulary Entrepreneur Robber Barron
Captain of Industry Yellow Journalism
Muckraking Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Philanthropy Food & Drug Administration
Urbanization Immigration
Laissez Faire Classes (low, mid, upper)
Pullman Strike Unionization/Unions
Exploitation Monopoly
Horizontal Monopoly Vertical Monopoly
Socialism Tenement
Protective Tariff Patent
Jobs (Blue Collar/White Collar) Interstate Commerce Act
Knights of Labor Haymarket Riots