1. The American Civil War

2. 3 million were slaves!

3. Secession
South Carolina leaves the Union in December of 1860
By February 1861, six more states leave the Union to form the Confederate States of America
President Buchanan takes no action to stop them
President-Elect Lincoln disagrees!

4. April 1861- South seizes Fort Sumter
The War Begins!
April South seizes Fort Sumter
Lincoln calls for troops to put down rebellion
Four more states secede- including Virginia

6. Military Strategy - South
Attack Union repeatedly inflicting casualties and wearing it down
Hoped to gain aid and diplomatic recognition from Great Britain and France who both relied on Southern Cotton– never happens

7. Key Confederate Leaders

8. Well respected Confederate General
Fought in Mexican-American War
Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia
Won many key battles for the South
Robert E. Lee

9. President of the Confederate States of America
Served as Secretary of War under President Pierce ( )
Imprisoned for treason after Civil War (later released)
Jefferson Davis

10. Controversial Tactics at Gettysburg
“Old War Horse”
Significant contributions to the Battles of Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg
Controversial Tactics at Gettysburg
James Longstreet

11. Military Strategy - North
Superior resources and technology
Blockaded Southern ports- prevented importing food and supplies

12. Key Union Leaders

13. 16th President of the United States “Preserve the Union at all costs”
Man of many personal battles
Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth
Abraham Lincoln

14. Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
College Professor from Maine
Volunteered to join Union
Leads 20th Maine with a Bayonet Charge at Gettysburg (Battle of Little Round Top)
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain

15. Leads Union to victory in many key battles such as Vicksburg
His efforts lead to the Surrender of Robert E. Lee at Appomattox
Later becomes 18th President of United States
Ulysses S. Grant

18. Human Cost
Over 600,000 Americans died from old military tactics and new diseases
Families often fought each other
Bloodiest day- Battle of Antietam- 23,000 casualties
Costliest Battle- Battle of Gettysburg- over 50,000 casualties

20. July 2, 1863 (Day 2)

22. Pickett's Charge
July 3, 1863

24. Emancipation Proclamation
Freed all slaves in those areas still in rebellion against the Union
Symbolic value- Union could not enforce it
African American enlistees soared

25. The War Ends
Robert E. Lee surrenders Confederate Army after the Battle of Appomattox.
Civil war brought hardships on the home front such as:
Southern devastation, a bitter Union, and the assassination of President Lincoln

26. Effects
Woman and African Americans work in Northern factories and farms- production increases
South lacked industrial support
South left devastated and in ruins

27. Civil War Photos

39. Charleston, SC

41. Columbia, SC