1. The Root of the Flowering Plant
Anchors Away.
Brain pop
Introductory Biology by Charles M. Zaremba © 2003, published by TEACHINGpoint

2. Functions of the Root Anchors the plant Absorbs water and minerals
Limited ability to reproduce
Stores food

3. Primary Root The first root to develop from the seed.
Secondary roots will develop from it.

4. Secondary Roots These develop from the primary root and themselves.
FIBROUS

5. Tap Root System Develops from the primary root.
Reaches deep into the ground
Helps the plant during periods of drought.
Tap
Root System
Fibrous
Root System

6. Fibrous Root System
Develops when the secondary roots become the main roots.
Shallow roots but spread over a broad area.
Helps prevent erosion.
FIBROUS

7. The Root Tip Root cap (Protects the root from abrasion)
Zone of Maturation ( Cells develop into tissues)
Zone of Elongation ( Cells elongate allowing the root to grow longer)
Apical Meristem (Produces new cells for growth)
Root Hair
Zone of Maturation
Zone of Elongation
Apical Meristem
Root Cap

8. Primary Root Tissues (Monocot)
Epidermis
Cortex
Endodermis
Xylem and phloem alternating in a ring
Pith
Monocot Primary Root
Epidermis
Xylem
Phloem

9. Regents Question
The vascular tissue in a stem and a leaf is an adaptation for the
1)Removal of gases from the plant
2)Regulation of auxin distribution
3)Breakdown of inorganic raw materials
4)Transport of nutrients and water

10. Regents Answer
4)Transport of nutrients and water

11. Regents Question
A chewing insect damages the vascular tissue of a plant stem. This damage will most directly affect the
1)Excretion of carbon dioxide by root cells
2)Synthesis of auxins in the root
3)Conduction of water and minerals between the roots and leaves
4)Diffusion of oxygen between root epidermal cells

12. Regents Answer
3)Conduction of water and minerals between the roots and leaves

13. How Water Enters the Root
As long as the root hair is hypertonic to the soil water will enter the cell.
As the water enters the cell it will dilute the cell’s contents making it isotonic.
In order to continue the inward flow of water, the cell membrane will actively import mineral salts, keeping the cell hypertonic.

14. Regents Question
The root system of a grass plant is an adaptation that increases the ability of the plant to
1)Carry on gas exchange and absorb inorganic substances
2)Absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
3)Ingest nutrient molecules
4)Manufacture pigments for protection

15. Regents Answer
1)Carry on gas exchange and absorb inorganic substances

16. Vascular System
Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots
Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used
Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem

17. Taxonomy Plants are divided into two groups
Based on the presence or absence of an internal transport system for water and dissolved materials
Called Vascular System
Vascular Bundles