1. Organic Compounds “Building Blocks of Life”
Goal 2.01

2. Organic Chemistry Organic= contains carbon (C) Structures:
C is a common element in food & your body
When C atoms bond & form large compounds they make macromolecules ( ’s C’s)
Example:
C-C-C + C-C-C + C-C-C + = C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C
Monomer polymer (i.e. Macromolecule)
-For anything to be considered as organic it contains carbon (a carbon backbone)
-There are 3 types of structures that an organic molecule can have
-What we are going to be studying are macromolecules and to understand them you need to know what they are made up from
-a bunch of small carbon compounds (monomer) come together & bond to form a polymer
-which is a macromolecule
-the different monomers that come together to form a polymer is what makes different macromolecules

3. 4 Classes of Organic Compounds (Biomolecules)
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids

4. I. Carbohydrates (end in –ose)
Soln. = Solution
Quick Energy
Function for life: ______________________
Sub-unit (Building Blocks): ______________
Positive Test in Lab: ___________________
____________________________________
Examples: ___________________________
Structure:
Monosaccharide
Benedict’s soln.-Monosaccharides
Iodine soln.-Starch (Large Carb.)
Sugars-Glucose, Starch and Cellulose
in plants, Glycogen in animals.
Contains Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Ring-like Shape

5. Examples of Carbohydrates
Glucose (1 sub-unit)

6. II. Proteins (Enzymes end in-ase)
Catalyst, Speeds up chemical Reactions ,
Breaks chemical bonds andTransports nutrients
Function for life: ______________________
Sub-unit (Building Blocks): ______________
Positive Test in Lab: ___________________
Examples: ___________________________
Structure:
Amino Acids
Biuret’s soln.
Enzymes, Insulin, Hemoglobin, hormones
Made of C, H, O and Nitrogen. Made of long
Chains of Amino Acids that are folded into
Shapes that determine their specific role.
Like a Pearl necklace

7. Examples of Proteins
Enzyme
Insulin
Hemoglobin

8. III. Lipids Function for life: ______________________
Insulation (warmth) and Long-term energy, make up membranes
Function for life: ______________________
Sub-unit (Building Blocks): ______________
Positive Test in Lab: ___________________
Examples: ___________________________
Structure:
Glycerol back-bone and
Fatty acids
Brown Paper Test
Fats and Oils and Phospholipids
Contains C, H and O.
Looks like the letter E !

9. IV. Nucleic Acids Function for life: ______________________
Store and Transport Genetic
Information, make Proteins
Function for life: ______________________
Sub-unit (Building Blocks): ______________
Positive Test in Lab: ___________________
___________________
Examples: ___________________________
____________________________________
Structure:
Nucleotides
DNA Fingerprint,
Gel Electrophoresis
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
Contains C, O, H, N and Phosphorous
Looks like a house, powerline
And driveway!

10. Examples of Nucleic Acids
DNA
Phosphate
Nitrogenous Base
Carbohydrate