1. Classification of Living Things The Domains

2. Classification
the process of grouping things according to similarities.

3. Living vs. Non-Living Living (Biotic) Non-Living (Abiotic)
Contain one or more cells
Are able to:
Respond to stimuli from its surroundings
Grow
Reproduce
Maintain Homeostasis- stable internal living conditions
Non-Living (Abiotic)
Not made of cells
Unable to grow, reproduce, or respond to stimuli.

4. Classification of Life
Living things are split into many different categories called Domains.
A Domain is the largest and broadest group of living things
There are 3 Domains of Life
Archaea
Eubacteria
Eukarya

5. The 3 Domains
The domains are split up based upon the presence of a nucleus.
All EUKARYOTES (cell with a nucleus) are in Domain Eukarya.
PROKARYOTES are split into Domain Archaea and Eubacteria.
Eu= yes, Pro= no
Eukaryotes, yes to nucleus
Prokaryotes, no to nucleus

6. Domain Archaea Archaea means ancient!
Prokaryotic cell structure (no nucleus)
No cell parts (organelles)
Genetic material free-floats in the cell
Found in extreme environments ( named “extremophiles”). For example, some are found in animal digestive systems (methanogens), while others are found in very salty places (halophiles), and others are found in extremely hot or acidic places (thermoacidophiles) such as volcanoes.
Summary: Domain Archaea is made up of Prokaryotes who are Extremophiles.

7. Where to Find Extremophiles…
Extremophiles live in extreme (places where most life could not exist) conditions.
These locations include:
Highly acidic regions
Extreme cold/hot temperature
Hot springs
High salt regions
Sulfur vents at the bottom of the oceans

8. Domain Eubacteria
Rod Shaped Bacteria
Prokaryotic cell structure (no nucleus)
No cell parts (organelles)
Genetic material free-floats in the cell
Three basic shapes
Rods
Spheres (Coccus)
Spirals
Summary: Domain Eubacteria is made up of Prokaryotes who do NOT live in extreme places.
Sphere Shaped Bacteria
Spiral Shaped Bacteria

9. What is the difference between Archaea and Eubacteria?
Simply, the differences are the chemicals that make up the two. For example, Eubacteria have a substance called Muramic Acid in their cell walls, while Archaea do not.
Archaea are extremophiles
This means they exist where living things “should not be able to live”

10. Domain Eukarya
Members of this domain have only one thing completely in common:
They are all Eukaryotes, which means they all have nuclei in their cells!
Eukaryote cells are much larger than prokaryote cells.
Platypus
Protozoa

11. Domain Eukarya
The nucleus of a cell controls the function of a cell and holds all the genetic material for the cell (similar to what the brain does for a body)
Organisms in the Domain Eukarya are more complex than the organisms in the Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea
Organisms in the Domain Eukarya include:
plants
animals
fungi
protists