1. 5/20/15 Mr. Faia 6th Grade Science
Vertebrates

2. ANIMAL REVIEW What are 3 things all animals need to live?
What are the 3 phylum of worms?
What do sponges use to capture food?
What is the difference between an open and closed circulatory system?
What are the 3 types of mollusks?
What senses do a mollusks tentacles have?
What are the 5 types of arthropods?
Name the 3 body sections of insects.

3. Chordate Phylum
Vertebrates are a subgroup of the phylum

4. Chordate Phylum
Chordates have 3 things in common at some point in life:
A notochord
A nerve cord
Slits in throat area

5. Chordate Phylum Notochord is a flexible rod that supports the back
Cartilage is softer than bone, but very flexible and strong

6. Chordate Phylum
Vertebrates notochord gets replaced with a backbone early

7. Chordate Phylum All chordates have a nerve cord
You would call it what?

8. Chordate Phylum Chordates also have pharyngeal slits
Aka throat slits
They aid in the breathing process
Name an animal that keeps these slits

9. Backbone and Endoskeleton
What is an endoskeleton?
The endoskeleton:
Supports
Protects
Gives the body shape
Place for muscles to attach

10. Backbone and Endoskeleton
Backbone is made of many bones
Called vertebrae
Joints allow flexibility
Spine fits through
vertebrae

11. Backbone and Endoskeleton
What do you think are 2 advantages of an endoskeleton?

12. Backbone and Endoskeleton
Endoskeleton can grow
Supports against gravity

13. Maintaining Body Temperature
2 types:
Ectotherms
Endotherms

14. Maintaining Body Temperature
Ectotherms have body temperatures close to their environments
Often called “cold-blooded”
What are examples of ectotherms?

15. Maintaining Body Temperature

16. Maintaining Body Temperature
Endotherms control body temperature internally
Often called “warm-blooded”
What are examples of endotherms?
What adaptations do endotherms have to help regulate temperature?

17. Maintaining Body Temperature

18. REVIEW What 3 things do all chordates have in common?
How does an endotherm regulate body temperature?
What is cartilage?
What is a vertebrae?
How does an ectotherm regulate body temperature?
What are 2 advantages of an endoskeleton?
What is another name for an ectotherm?
What is another name for an endotherm?

19. Evolution of Vertebrates
Evidence shows that fish were the earliest vertebrates
About 530 million years ago

20. Evolution of Vertebrates
Amphibians came next
About 380 million years ago

21. Evolution of Vertebrates
Amphibians gave rise to reptiles
320 million years ago

22. Evolution of Vertebrates
Both mammals and birds descended from reptiles
Mammals 220 million years
Birds 150 million years

23. Evolution of Vertebrates
What pattern did you see develop with vertebrate evolution?

24. Evolution of Vertebrates
However…