1. Managing Stress and Anxiety
Chapter 8

2. Effects of Stress
Stress is the reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands.
Being late; can’t find your keys; exams
Stress affects your physical, mental/emotional, and social health
How much stress you feel depends in part on your perception, the act of becoming aware through the senses, of the events that cause stress
Changing your perception can change your level of stress

3. What causes stress? Stressors: Anything that causes stress
Biological- illnesses, disabilities, or injuries
Environmental- poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, or natural disasters
Cognitive- the way you perceive a situation or how it affects you and the world around you
Personal Behavior- negative affects of smoking, alcohol, or other drugs, or the lack of physical activity
Life Situations- death of a pet or friend, the separation or divorce of parents, troubled relationships with peers

4. Stressors Anything that causes stress!! Environmental Environmental
Life Situation
Environmental
Environmental
Stressors
Anything that causes stress!!
Environmental
Biological
Personal Behavior
Environmental

5. Body’s Stress Response
When you perceive a situation or event to be a threat, your body begins a stress response
Nervous and Endocrine Systems are active
The response is largely involuntary or automatic
3 Stages
Stage 1: Alarm- release of
Adrenaline; body and
on high alert
Stage 2: Resistance- fight or
Flight response
Stage 3: Fatigue- physical
& psychological

7. Fatigue Continued
Physical Fatigue: results when the muscles work vigorously for long periods, often leading to soreness and pain. Reaction time becomes very impaired, muscles tire quickly
Psychological Fatigue: results from constant worry, overwork, depression, boredom, isolation, or feeling overwhelmed by too many responsibilities
Pathological Fatigue: tiredness brought on by overworking the body’s defenses in fighting disease

8. Stress and your Health
Psychosomatic Response- a physical reaction to stress either in the mind or body
Psycho: means of the mind
Somatic: means of the body
Headache- stress/tension headaches are the most common type of headache
High blood pressure- prolonged stress can increase levels of cholesterol, which blocks arteries. High cholesterol can result in high BP and lead to heart disease and stroke
Weakened immune system- reduce the body’s ability to fight disease

9. Mental/Emotional and Social Effects
Difficulty concentrating
Mood swings
Risks of substance abuse- increases vulnerability to drug use, however, substance abuse will actually increase stress and leads to bigger problems

10. Ways to Reduce Stress Avoid caffeine Get support from friends/family
Eat nutritious foods
Get plenty of sleep
Be physically active
Hobbies you enjoy
Avoid alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs

11. Ways to Control Chronic Stress
Engage in Physical Activity
Eat nutritious foods; limit comfort foods and caffeine; eat regular meals
Get support from family and friends
Get plenty of sleep
Find a hobby or activity that relaxes you
Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs- these substances can lead to other problems

12. Stress Management skills
Skills that help an individual handle stress in a helpful, effective way
Redirect your energy: go jogging, work on something creative
Relax and laugh- relaxation response- a state of calm that can be reached if one or more relaxation techniques are practiced regularly; deep breathing, thinking pleasant thoughts, stretching
Keep a positive outlook
Seek support

13. Anxiety
Anxiety is the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen
Symptoms of anxiety:
Feelings of fear
Perspiration, trembling, restlessness or muscle tension
Rapid HR, lightheadedness, shortness of breath

14. Depression
A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness that is much stronger than the occasional sad mood and is not easy to manage
Reactive depression: a response to a stressful event, such as a death of a friend
Major depression: a medical condition that requires treatment; may be the result of a chemical imbalance

15. Symptoms of Teen Depression
Irritable or restless mood
Withdrawal from friends and activities that were previously important or enjoyable
A change in appetite or weight
Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
A sense of hopelessness

16. Being a Resilient Teen
Resiliency- is the ability to adapt effectively and recover from disappointment, difficulty, or crisis
Resilient people are able to handle adversity in healthful ways and achieve long-term success in spite of negative circumstances

17. Factors that Affect Resiliency
External Factors
Family, your school or community and your peers
Opportunities to participate in school projects or community events
Internal Factors
Attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors
Commitment to learning being engaged in your learning builds self-esteem and sense of belonging

18. Assignment Read Chapter 8 Lesson 4 and answer the following questions:
Define resiliency in your own words.
List 3 external factors and 3 internal factors that can affect a person’s resiliency.
How do protective factors help a person avoid risk behaviors?
Make a list of 5 of your personal stressors. What protective factors have or can you develop to help you deal with each stressor?