1. What is an Argument?
A carefully stated claim that is supported by reasons and evidence. Contains two important parts: claim and support.

2. Writer’s opinion on a debatable problem or issue.
Claim
Writer’s opinion on a debatable problem or issue.

3. SUPPORT
The reasons and evidence given by the author that help prove the claim.
Statistics
Research
Examples
Facts
Anecdotes
Expert opinions
Details that back up a claim

4. Counterarguments
An argument made to respond to possible objections

5. Viewpoint Attitude about the topic
The writer's position on an issue or problem.

6. Persuasive Techniques
Persuasive messages that have made a lasting impression on you and used to sway your heart and mind.

7. Bandwagon: taps into people’s desire to belong to a group.
Appeals by Association “Sell” a product or an idea by linking it with something or someone positive or influential.
Bandwagon: taps into people’s desire to belong to a group.
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8. Appeals by Association Cont.
Testimonial: relies on the backing of a celebrity, an expert, or satisfied customer.

9. Emotional Appeals
Use strong feelings rather than facts and evidence to support a claim
Appeal to Pity: Makes you feel sad or sorry about the situation (sympathy)
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10. Emotional Appeals Cont.
Appeal to Fear: Makes you feel as if your safety, security, or health is in danger.
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11. Statistics Numbers used to support an idea
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12. Loaded Language
Relies on words with strongly positive or negative associations
Positive words: Brings to mind something positive, comforting, or desirable.
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13. Loaded Language Cont.
Negative Words: Calls up unpleasant images, experiences, or feelings
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14. Call to Action
Statement that urges a reader to do what you want them to do
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15. Opposing Argument Your opponent's argument
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16. Counterargument
Refutes your opponent's argument

17. Rhetorical Question Questions that have an obvious answer
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18. Thesis Statement
Sentence in the introduction that the entire essay is trying to prove

19. Transitions (sentence or words)
Words or phrases that show how ideas are related to one another

20. What makes a strong argument?
Series of statements leading to a conclusion
Opinion supported by facts
Verify your facts come from a reliable source
Use an authoritative tone in your writing.
The thesis statement should be a strong statement NOT a question!!

21. Anecdote
Quick small story to illustrate a point.

22. Subheading
A heading for a section that comes after the main heading.

23. Reliable
Describes something that you can depend on.

24. Formal Tone
A tone that shows the writer is serious about what they are saying.

25. Graphic Aid
A picture, chart, graph, checklist, etc.

26. Irrelevant
Off Topic

27. Relevant
Important to the topic