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Antidotes Intro pharm section FA
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Acetaminophen
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N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)
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AChE inhibitors, organophosphates
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Atropine followed by pralidoxime
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Amphetamines
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NH4Cl Amphetamines are bases, so adding NH4Cl would acidify the urine and trap the amphetamines as ionized formthey get excreted
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Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents
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Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia
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Benzodiazepines
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Flumazenil
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Beta-blockers
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Glucagon
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Carbon monoxide
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100% oxygen, hyperbaric oxygen
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Copper, arsenic, gold
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penicillamine
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cyanide
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Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin
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digitalis
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Anti-dig Fab fragments
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Heparin
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Protamine sulfate
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Iron
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Deferoxamine, deferasirox
Fe = iron
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Lead
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CaNaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
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Mercury, arsenic, gold
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Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer, EDTA (mercury)
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Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
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Fomepizole>ethanol, dialysis
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Methemoglobin
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Methylene blue, vitamin C
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Opioids
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Naloxone
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Salicylates
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NaHCO3, dialysis Salicylates are acidsyou want to alkalinize the urine to trap them as ions and cause excretion
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TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)
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tPA, streptokinase, urokinase
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Aminocaproic acid
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Warfarin
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Vitamin K, plasma (if active bleeding)
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