1. Cognates
Martes 20 de Septiembre

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze Spanish – English cognates to help BOOST vocabulary

3. You can learn Spanish cognates by learning a few simple rules and applying them to your existing knowledge of English. In this way you can quickly expand your Spanish vocabulary.
Spanish is a language that evolved from Latin over the last two thousand years. English, although it is not as closely related to Latin as Spanish, takes thousands of Latin words, many of them the same words that Spanish uses. In addition, both languages have borrowed many words from Classical Greek. This results in thousands of cognates between English and Spanish.

4. Let’s try some out........ drama causa creativo figura aire líquido
Spanish words that end in -a, -o or -e very often have an equivalent in English. Simply drop or change the last vowel.
mapa
drama
causa
creativo
figura
aire
líquido
favorito
caso
forma
guitarra
lista
dieta
credito
lista
costo
persona
medicina

5. diccionario disciplinario aniversario literario ordinario necesario
Words that end in -ary in English very often have a Spanish cognate that ends in -ario
diccionario
disciplinario
literario
aniversario
ordinario
necesario
vocabulario
salario
itinerario

6. didáctico democrático sarcástico fantástico lunático escolástico
English words that end in -ic usually have a Spanish cognate that simply adds an -o.
democrático
didáctico
sarcástico
fantástico
lunático
escolástico
linguístico
Atlántico
romántico
automático
patriótico
optimístico
gimnástico
fanático

7. periódico (newspaper,periodical) cómico
Like the previous category, English words that end in -ical have a Spanish cognate that ends in -ico.
periódico (newspaper,periodical)
cómico
clásico
histérico
metódico
práctico
técnico
político
físico
eléctrico
sicológico (psychological)

8. sentimiento (sentiment) argumento argumento
English words that end in -ent often have a cognate in Spanish that ends in -ente. These words are usually adjectives.
inteligente
agente
indiferente
suficiente
diferente
equivalente
patente
potente
cliente
Words that end in -ment in English have equivalents in Spanish that simply add an -o. These words are nouns.
sacramento
testamento
suplemento
sentimiento (sentiment)
argumento
argumento

9. motor doctor actor profesor director florista error humor color
English words that end in -or often have a Spanish cognate that is identical.
doctor
motor
actor
profesor
director
florista
error
humor
color
autor (author)
English words that end in -ist often have a Spanish cognate.
pianista
artista
recepcionista
moralista
turista

10. There are many Spanish cognates that end in -ción
There are many Spanish cognates that end in -ción. The equivalent English word ends in -tion. Note that all of these words have the stress on the final syllable. Also, all of these words are feminine in gender
Words that end in -dad are quite common in Spanish. They usually correspond to an English word that ends in -ty. All of these words are feminine in gender
English words that end in -ence or -ance often have a Spanish cognate that ends in -encia or -ancia
English words that end in -ent often have a cognate in Spanish that ends in -ente. These words are usually adjectives.
Some English words that end in -ous have a Spanish cognate that ends in -oso.

11. words that end in- mente (as opposed to just -ente)
words that end in- mente (as opposed to just -ente). They usually have an English cognate that ends in -ly. These are adverbs.
Words that end in -al in both English and Spanish are often cognates
-ant (or sometimes -ent)words in English sometimes end in -ante in Spanish.