A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e

A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e
SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e James M. Henslin Chapter Sixteen: The Family This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
What is a Family? In U.S. - One Woman, Man, and Children Other Cultures Polygamy a man having more than one wife) and Polyandry (a woman w/ more than one husband) Approved Group into which a Child is Born? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Family Can Be... Nuclear- a husband, wife & children who live together Extended- a nuclear family plus others relatives who live together Family of Orientation- the family in which a individual grows up Family of Procreation- biological family Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Common Cultural Themes Families Establish Patterns of… Mate Selection- Endogamy (marrying inside the group) Exogamy- (allowing people to marry outside the group) Descent bilateral-- tracing descent from both side Patrilineal- tracing only from father’s side Matrilineal- tracing only from mother’s side Inheritance- similar to system of descent Authority- no historical records exist of a purely matriarchy- most societies are patriarchies- where men dominate women in some form or another Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Functionalist Functions of Incest Taboo- helps avoid role confusion, ensures people look outside family for marriage partners- could be used to forge alliances or extend social network Isolation and Emotional Overload- Isolation of a nuclear family- can lead to emotional overload & make family members more vulnerable to abuse Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Conflict Theory Marriage is a struggle b/w genders Power Struggle over Housework- is a struggle over limited resources of time, energy, & leisure- husbands resist doing housework- even if wife works outside home- husbands think they are doing more housework then they really are- wives on average do 11 hours more housework than husbands (called the second shift) Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Symbolic Interaction Examine how contrasting experiences b/w men & women affect marriage/family The closer the income b/w husband & wife the more likely they are to share housework, husbands who are laid off reduce housework, husbands who earn less than the wife do the least amount of housework Why the disparity in housework? Gender Roles Men who are laid off or make less than their wives feel their masculinity threatened Research- husbands who do more housework are less pleased w/ their marriage. Why? B/c of the housework or something else? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

The Family Life Cycle Love and Courtship in Global Perspective- India and other places- some arranged marriage US- Romantic Love-(feelings of erotic attraction accompanied by idealization of the other) guides marriage Romantic love- 2 components- emotional component (a feeling of sexual attraction) and a cognitive component (that calls the feeling, love) Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Social Channels of Love and Marriage Homogamy- - people’s tendency to marry others with similar characteristics to themselves People tend to marry people they live near, meet in school, work with, and/or regularly see in community activities. Since most schools, neighborhoods, & churches are made up of people w/ similar racial-ethnic & social class backgrounds- most Americans marry people of similar racial-ethnic & social class 93% of Americans marry someone of the same racial background Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Social Class & child rearing- working-class parents stress outward conformity, more likely to closely supervise & physically discipline their children. Middle-class parents favor self-expression & self-control, more likely to withdraw privileges or affection Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

The Family Life Cycle Family Transitions in Later Life Adultolescents and the Not-So-Empty Nest- ______________________________ time after children leave the house. Most children are leaving home later, than in years past. 42% of all yrs. Olds are living at home Widowhood- - woman live longer than men & are more likely to deal with problems of widowhood- grief, adjusting to living alone, $, etc. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Two Sides of Family Life The Bright Side—Successful Marriages Spouse is Best Friend Like Spouse as Person Think Marriage is Long-Term Commitment Believe Marriage is Sacred Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Two Sides of Family Life The Bright Side—Successful Marriages Agree with Spouse Aims and Goals Believe Spouse Grown More Interesting Want Relationship to Succeed Laugh Together Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Happy Families Spend a Lot of Time Together Are Quick to Express Appreciation Committed to Promoting Mutual Welfare Talk and Listen a Lot Are Religious Deal with Crises Positively Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

The Future of Marriage and Family No Danger of Becoming a Relic Cohabitation, Single Mothers, Age at Marriage, Grandparents as Parents will Increase Continued Distorted Images of Marriage and Family Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

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