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DNA Replication pp
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Location Occurs wherever the DNA is located
Where is the DNA located in eukaryotes? Where is the DNA located in prokaryotes?
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Replication Steps Making copies of DNA
Occurs when a cell divides to make new cells The two strands separate and unwind acting as a template to add new nucleotides
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First Step Origin of replication: where replication will start
DNA is split by helicase by breaking the hydrogen bonds replication fork: point where helicase separates DNA
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Second Step DNA polymerase adds nucleotides from surrounding open areas ( A- T, G-C) as it unzips
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Process continues until entire strand is copied
Result is two strands of DNA Each strand is 50% new and 50% old DNA (semi-conservative)
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Cell Cycle
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G1 phase: cell grow to normal size
S phase: copying of DNA (replication) G2 phase: cell preps for division M phase (mitosis): division of the nucleus
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Accuracy and Repair Copies must be 100% accurate
Mutation= change in nucleotide Enzymes proofread and fix errors
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Q: What happens if mistakes are made during replication?
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