1. By Dan Carr Matt Gilbert Colman Sandler
Coal By
Dan Carr
Matt Gilbert
Colman Sandler

2. What is it? Coal is a fossil fuel
There are three different types of coal
Consists between 70-98% carbon, depending on the type

3. How is it made?
Has origins in ancient swamps, form million years ago
When plants died, fell to bottom of swamp
When decomposed by bacteria, plant material was consumed and gases were released
A substance called peat was created, which was compressed, creating coal

4. What types are there? Type 1: Lignite aka Brown Coal Sedimentary Rock
Least compressed out of the three types
Consists of 70-85% carbon (higher=better)

5. What types are there? Type 2: Bituminous Coal aka Soft Coal
Slightly harder than Lignite, due to greater compression
Sedimentary Rock
85-90% Carbon
Easy to ignite
Burns with smoke

6. What types are there? Type 3: Anthracite aka Hard Coal
Hardest coal, most compression is put on it
Sedimentary Rock
90-98% carbon
Harder to ignite
Burns without smoke, which makes it cleaner

7. How is it converted to energy?
Coal is burned, baby burned
The heat turns water into steam
The steam then spins a turbine which powers a generator
The energy created by the generator gets sent through transformers and wires and stuff until it reaches people’s homes

8. How is it Mined? Two main types of mining: Surface and Underground
Underground modes of access: Drift, Slope and Shaft
Surface Mining modes of access: Area, Contour, Mountaintop removal and auger mining

10. How is it Mined? Longwall Mining
Type of Underground mining
Longwall is less common than R&P mining
In longwall mining, mechanized shears cut and remove coal at the face of the mine
Then, pieces of coal are transported to a second conveyor which takes it to the surface while temporary supports hold it up
Roof bolts are placed in ceiling to prevent collapse, but most of it can collapse onto shield
While it is more efficient, more expensive as well

11. How is it Mined? Room and Pillar Mining
Underground
Coal seams are mined by a continuous miner, that cuts room network into the seam
Continuous miner loads coal onto a shuttle where it will be placed on conveyor belt, where it well go to the surface
Each room alternates with pillar for more support
Roof bolts keep ceiling from collapsing
Retreat mining is when pillars are removed in special circumstances

12. What is it used for?
Coal has been used for indoor heating, when it was converted to gas
60% of all electricity is generated from burning coal
Steam Engines rely on coal

13. #Quiztime What are the 3 types of coal? Where is coal formed?
What are 3 mining techniques?
What is a domestic use for coal?
What percent of energy is created by coal in the US?
What color is it?

14. Presidents Agree
“Homeboys, coal is one of the most wicked energy sources out there.”
-George Washington
“Yo dawgs G Dubs is right.”
-Abe Lincoln

15. In Conclusion Thanks For Watching!
This is #theend of the #coal #powerpoint
Thanks For Watching!