1. Brief Response
How did industrialization bring about social change, especially in cities? Cite two good examples.
More jobs
New life opportunities
Urban renewal
Sanitation
Entertainment
Slum conditions
Higher crime rates
Better diets
Better health

2. Changing/Conflicting Attitudes
p. 210

3. More Change
As societies changed, individual and group attitudes and values changed.
Traditional ideas were challenged and some dropped.
Fads and trendy ideas, were tried.

4. Cult of domesticity: *
the ideal woman was the woman who stayed in and managed the home.
Modeled in songs, novels, magazines, slogans “home, sweet home!”
Middle and upper class practice.

5. Temperance Movement
Effort led mostly by American women for a national ban of drinking alcohol.
EC: Reasons (2)
Male drunken violence against women and children
Loss of family income and jobs due to drunkenness.

6. Elizabeth Cady Stanton:
in mid 1840s, Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, and she were leaders in
the movement to abolish US slavery
the gaining of women’s rights.

7. Women’s suffrage: movement to gain right to vote for women
US: Seneca Falls Convention—women and men declare effort to gain women’s suffrage.
Similar movements sprang up in Britain and part of Europe.

8. Sojourner Truth: African-American woman who spoke out against
mistreatment of Blacks in America
also was a proponent of women’s suffrage.

9. CHEMISTRY
a Russian chemist, __________, organized what was being learned about atoms, into the “periodic table of elements”.
It has grown much larger since he started it.
Dmitri Mendeleev,

10. John Dalton:
English Quaker school teacher who expanded ancient Greek ideas about the atom.
He is considered the pioneer of the atomic theory:
All matter is composed of atoms.
After his work physicists and chemists pointed their attention at identifying atoms.

11. Geology—Earth Science
____________ suggested that the Earth was over a million years old.
Charles Lyell
Later research suggests the Earth is some four and a half billion years old, but that life three and a half billion years old.

12. Charles Darwin: British naturalist (biologist).
1830s, set sail on a government-sponsored scientific voyage around the world.
In 1859, he published his ideas:
All forms of life, including humans, had evolved (changed slowly over time) into their present state.

13. Charles Darwin:
Adaptation to survive is based on three characteristics
speed,
strength, and/or
intelligence
Natural Selection:
A species survival depended on how well it adapted to its surroundings
Continuity depends on species choices/developments and environmental choices/development.
The carrier pigeon
The Dodo
What is the idea behind Darwin’s statement, “survival of the fittest” (2)
The fittest live on for generations
They often determine if the weaker survive or not.
Carl Sagan, Cosmos– evolution (Honors)
What species that you see don’t exist anymore?

14. Charles Darwin:
He backed up the evolution theory with the idea of _________________
“natural selection”
Life forms compete with each other for survival
Environment affected survival ability depending on the life forms ability to adapt (change)
Successful life forms passed on the new “traits” to their offspring.

15. Describe Social Darwinism* (3)
It is NOT a teaching of Charles Darwin
Using Darwin’s theories, racists explain why certain people are better, superior to others.
Use biased or bogus “scientific” studies and “evidence” to prove it.
Most of the data was manipulated, racist, exaggerated, and or false.

16. Racism:
belief that one race is superior to another….. “Social Darwinism” often based on unscientific or manipulated scientific evidence or theory.
Used to explain the supremacy of the rich over the poor
Used to explain the supremacy of Euro-American “Whites” over the other ethnic groups of the world.
“Whites” will use racism to justify taking over lands owned by non-Whites and subjugating the non-Whites to work for them and buy their products
imperialism.

17. Social gospel:
Western Christian movement aimed at social work to improve the lives of those in need, even non-Westerners

18. Social gospel: Western Christian movement efforts included: (6)
Labor unions
Political parties—promoting reforms in:
Housing
Healthcare
Education
Charities to help poor and sick
Schools
Hospitals

19. Standards Check, p. 211 Question: Three distinct classes: Upper Middle
Lower

20. Infographic, p. 211 Questions: 1
Show only acceptable activities for women were in the home. 2
Similar:
Women are performing domestic activities
Different:
Women shown entertaining and doing everyday chore.

21. Primary Source, p. 212 Question:’
She believes that an well-rounded education would
prepare women for the unexpected
make them more independent.

22. Standards Check, p. 212 Question: Women were too emotional to vote;
should be protected from politics;
belonged at home, not in public
Political farce

23. Standards Check, p. 213 Question:
Fewer children needed in farms or shops;
Middle class families could send kids to school.

24. Image, p. 213 Question: Girls also being taught science
Bright, supplied classroom

25. Infographic, p. 215 Questions 1
Travel let him study different varieties,
This gave him ideas about survival and evolution. 2
The isolated species on the Galapagos had to adapt to the environment.
The Islands were a natural laboratory.

26. Standards Check, p. 216 Question
Research of Lyell and Darwin challenged traditional and Biblical views.

27. Standards Check, p. 216 Question:
They worked for reform and social services

28. What did Charles Darwin Mean? (4)
"Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science."

29. What makes a person “better” than another. Victorian Thinking v
What makes a person “better” than another? Victorian Thinking v. Modern Thinking
The 19th century (5)
Today (5)

30. What did Charles Darwin Mean? (4)
"Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science."
That people who do not know much believe they know the absolute truth and will create and believe their own “truth” rather than accept the real proof found by science/study.

31. What makes a person “better” than another. Victorian Thinking v
What makes a person “better” than another? Victorian Thinking v. Modern Thinking
The 19th century (5)
Class
Birthright
Birthplace
Race
Religion
Today (5)
Income
Popularity
Talent
Experience/cleverness
Beauty
Courage/strength
Race?
family?
Religion?
Location?

32. Brief Response
Why are religious fundamentalists against science in today’s world?