1. Blood The only fluid tissue in the human body
Classified as a connective tissue
Components of blood

2. If blood is centrifuged
Separates into 3 distinct layers:
Erythrocytes
Buffy coat
Plasma

3. Centrifuge

4. Centrifuged Blood

5. Centrifuged Blood

6. Physical Characteristics of Blood
Color range
pH must remain between 7.35–7.45
Blood temperature is slightly higher than body temperature at 100.4°F

7. Physical Characteristics of Blood
In a healthy man, blood volume is about 5–6 liters or about 6 quarts
Blood makes up 8% of body weight

8. Blood Plasma Composed of approximately 90% water
Includes many dissolved substances:

9. Blood Plasma Plasma proteins
Include Albumin, Clotting Proteins and Antibodies

10. Plasma Proteins
Albumin—

11. Plasma Proteins
Clotting proteins—help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured

12. Plasma Proteins
Antibodies—

13. Blood Plasma
Acidosis
Alkalosis

14. Formed Elements Erythrocytes (RBCs) Leukocytes (WBCs) Platelets
Cell fragments

15. Photomicrograph of a Blood Smear
Figure 10.2

16. Erythrocytes (RBCs) Main function is to carry oxygen
Anatomy of circulating erythrocytes
5 million RBCs per cubic millimeter of blood

17. Erythrocytes (RBCs)
5 million RBCs per cubic millimeter of blood

18. Erythrocytes (RBCs)

19. Hemoglobin Iron-containing protein
Binds strongly, but reversibly, to oxygen

20. Hemoglobin Each erythrocyte (RBC) has 250 million hemoglobin molecules
Normal blood contains 12–18 g of hemoglobin per 100 mL blood

21. Homeostatic imbalance of RBCs
Anemia
Sickle cell anemia (SCA)
Polycythemia

22. Formed Elements
Figure 10.3