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Agronomic Crops & Field Management
Mohunnad Massimi Irrigation Modeling Fellow at Florida (A&M) University Agronomist and Extension Officer at NCARE Master of Field Crops from JUST
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Lecture Sep, 30 2017 Agricultural Eng Ass Zarqa
Number of Targets: 14 Engineers
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Agronomy Irrigation. Weed Control. Field Machinery. Seeds.
Chemical Fertilizers. Crop Rotations. Others = Interactions
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Field Crop Management Max Crop Yield Seeds Irrigation Fertilization
Rotation Machinery Protection Max Crop Yield
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Agronomic Yield (Y) =F(Field Crop Management X)
Seeds Irrigation Fertilization Rotation Machinery Protection Maximum Cop Yield
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Irrigation & Weed Control
Timing Amount Timing Dosage Active Ingredient
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Farm Machinery Tillage
Time Type
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Alfalfa and Egyptian Clover
Mold Board Plow in One Way, then Leveling. Twice Plowing by Chisel (after fertilization). Once Plowing of Chisel or Burier Tool (after seeding)
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Sorghum, Silage Corn, Grain Corn, & Sudan grass
Chisel Plow Twice Perpendicularly. Once Plowing of Chisel or Burier Tool (after seeding)
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Sudan grass Sorghum
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Grain Corn
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Wheat, Barley, & Triticale
Chisel Plow Twice Perpendicularly. Twice Plowing of Chisel (after seeding)
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Barley Wheat
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Rye grass Mold Board Plow in One Way.
Once Plowing of Chisel or Burier Tool (after seeding)
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Tillage Tools Mold Board Plow Chisel Plow
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Burier Tool
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Seeds Seeding Method Seeding Rate & Depth Hybrids Planting Date
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Seeds Technology Terms
Germination %. Germination Rate Index. Seedling Dry Weight. Seedling Fresh Weight. Seedling Vigor Index. Germination % After Aging. Genetic and Analytical Purity.
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Seeding Methods Broadcasting Mechanical
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Planting Dates Alfalfa. Silage Maize. Grain Corn. Forage Sorghum.
Summer Winter Alfalfa. Silage Maize. Grain Corn. Forage Sorghum. Sudan grass. Alfalfa. Egyptian Clover. Wheat. Barley. Triticale. Rye grass.
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Hybrid Seeds Quality, Vigor and Yield
Hybrid Seeds Vigor Seedling Establishment Yield Components Yield
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Hybrids (Alfalfa (Cuf 101 Silage Maize (6640VT3P & DKC70 & P1197YHR)
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(Sweet Corn Quality Hybrid)
Hybrids Grain Corn (Sweet Corn Quality Hybrid) Forage Sorghum (ss2010)
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(Sugar Graze II & Honey Graze Plus) Egyptian Clover (Hybrid)
Hybrids Sudan grass (Sugar Graze II & Honey Graze Plus) Egyptian Clover (Hybrid)
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Hybrids Wheat (Hybrids) Barley (Rum & ACSAD 176)
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Rye grass (Syrian Hybrid)
Hybrids Triticale (Syria 1) Rye grass (Syrian Hybrid)
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Seeding Rate & Depth - Mathematical Formula: Seeding Rate (Kg/ha)
Depth & Seed Size Seeding Rate - Mathematical Formula: Seeding Rate (Kg/ha) Desired plant population/m² x 1,000 K wt. (g) ÷ seedling survival rate (in decimal form) ÷ 100
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Example [1] Silage corn (hybrid name P1197YHR) has 1000 seed weight of gram. Germination % is 95% and required density is 7.6 plant per meter square. Calculate the seeding rate.
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Example [2] Barley hybrid Rum has 1000 seed weight of grams. Germination % is 99%. How much the seeding rate if you know that required plant density is 210 plants per meter square ?
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Recommended Seeding Rates
Kg/du Crop 5-7 up to 10 8-10 5 Alfalfa. Silage Maize. Grain Corn. Forage Sorghum. Sudan grass. 10-15 Egyptian Clover. Wheat. Barley. Triticale. Rye grass.
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Chemical Fertilization
Types Rates Times
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Comments Unfermented Manure (Not Recommended).
Chemical Fertilizers (Recommended). K in Jordan Soils. Nitrogen (Urea, Ammonium Sulfate). Soil Temperature 17 °C.
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30 Kg of DAP at Seeding Time.
Alfalfa Silage Maize 30 Kg of DAP at Seeding Time. 5 Kg of Urea After one Week of Emergence. 5 Kg of Urea after each Harvest. 12 Kg of Urea After Planting (Just in Case of Traditional Singular Harvest Cultivar).
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9 Kg DAP and 13 Kg of Urea Before Planting.
Grain Corn Forage Sorghum 9 Kg DAP and 13 Kg of Urea Before Planting. 2 Kg DAP and 2Kg of Urea at Seeding. 7 Kg DAP and 9 Kg of Urea at 3 Leaves Stage. 10 Kg of DAP After Seeding. 8 Kg of Urea Three Times After Each Harvest.
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5 kg of Urea After Planting. 26 Kg of Urea After First Harvest.
Sudan grass Egyptian Clover 5 kg of Urea After Planting. 26 Kg of Urea After First Harvest. 13 Kg of DAP After First Harvest. 30 Kg of DAP at Seeding Time.
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10 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate After Seeding.
Wheat Barley 10 Kg of DAP After Seeding. 10 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate After Seeding. 5 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate at Tillering.
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5 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate at Tillering.
Triticale Rye grass 10 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate. 10 Kg of DAP After Seeding. 5 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate at Tillering. 5.5 Kg of DAP added Four Times: Before Planting, After Planting, After Emergence, and After Tillering. 6 Kg of Ammonium Sulfate After Each Harvest.
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Crop Rotation Head of Field Crop Management. Benefits:
1. Soil Water Management. 2. Control Weeds. 3. Control Specified Pests. 4. Soil Fertility.
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Principles Major Part of Field for Cash Crop. Planting Legumes.
Different Crops of Different Pests. Different Crops With Different Roots System Wheat & Barley to Build Soil. Sensitivity to Herbicides.
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Crop Rotations = F(IPM, OF)
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Effective Schedule Summer Winter Year Land Preparation +Fertilization
Legumes 1 Summer Vegetables Beets 2 Corn, Sorghum or Sudan grass Alfalfa or Clover 3 Summer Crop Fallow 4 Deep Plowing Grasses 5
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Others - Simple Crop Modeling: Yield (Y)=F(CM). CM=Crop Management.
- Complex Crop Modeling: Yield (Y)=F(E, C, M, SE). - SE = Socio-Economic in the Next Lecture. E=Environment (Eco- Physiological Aspects): Soil Type. Soil pH. Temperature (Mentioned). Photoperiod. Relative Humidity.
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Soil pH and Type & Digital Sensors
Soil Type Soil pH Crop Clay 7 Alfalfa All Types 6.5 Eg. Clover Silt Loam Silage Maize Grain Corn Sandy Forage Sorghum Silt Clay Loam 5.4 Sudan grass Sandy Loam 8 Wheat 7.5 Barley Silty Clay Loam <7 Triticale 5.3 Rye grass
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