2. Zinc(Zn)
At. No. 30
At. Wt. 60

3. Zinc
At. No At Wt. 60

4. DISTRIBUTION Total Body Content = 1.4-2.3 grams.
Widely distributed in all tissues.
Specially : Bones, Teeth, Liver, Kidneys, Pancreas, Brain, Prostate and epididymis.
20% present in Skin

5. Functions Essential for normal growth & reproduction.
Beneficial effect on wound healing / tissue repair.
Essential component of many vital enzymes of major pathways.
Present in retinene reductase in retina of eye, & required for the use of vit-A.

6. Functions (Contd.)
Maintains normal plasma conc. of vit-A and mobilization of vit-A from liver.
Also an integral part of carbonic anhydrase-transfer of CO2 (in RBCs & kidney).
Conc. in RBCs 10 times greater than serum.
Zinc also involved in protein metabolism.
Carboxypeptidase ( Proteolytic Enzyme) removes COOH- from peptides, produce amino acids.

7. Functions (Contd.) Anaerobic oxidation of glucose by LDH
Zn is component.
Pyruvic Acid lactic Acid.
Zn forms complex with insulin and increase duration of action.
Thymidine kinase needed for DNA synthesis & cell division is depressed with Zn deficiency.
This explains the influence of Zn on growth, repair & reproduction.
LDH

8. Dietary Sources
Rich and preferred better sources of Zn are Meat, Eggs, Sea food (Oyster) as are well absorbed than that in vegetables.
Whole grain not well absorbed.

9. RDA (Contd) 0-0.5 years = 3 mg 0.6-1years = 5 mg 1-10 years = 10 mg
Pregnancy +5 mg
Lactation mg

10. RDA Turn over in the body = 6 mg / day
Average diet contain = mg /day and is the recommended daily requirement.
Pregnancy and Lactation demand additional 5 and 10 mg/day, respectively.

11. RDA (Contd.)
Breast milk content at early stage of lactation is about 20 mg/L.
Level falls to <2 mg/L in later stage.
Development of fetus & placenta also require additional zinc.

12. Absorption 40% of dietary Zn is absorbed. Small intestine
Combines with proteins & transported to various tissues. The factor is secreted by pancrease.
Calcium & phytate inhibits Zn absorption by combining to from insoluble complexes.

13. Absorption (Contd.) Unabsorbed Zn is eliminated through GUT in feces
Zn from blood is secreted into small intestine in the pancreatic juice.
Zn is rarely excreted in urine.

14. Accumulation
Rapid accumulation and turn over of zinc is in soft tissue. Spleen, Kidney, Liver & pancreas.
Large amount deposited in bones but not mobilized.
Small pool of biologically active Zn with a rapid turn over.
Due to this, deficiency of Zn quickly develops.

15. Related Diseases
Active pool is very small and therefore Poor intake or increased demand lead to Deficiency
Symptoms:
Loss of appetite
Growth failure.
Skin changes.
Impaired wound healing
Decrease taste acuity.

16. Related Diseases (Contd.)
Zn deficiency leads to dwarfism & hypogonadism.
Commonly seen in middle east countries due to high phytate & fiber in diet.
Hook worms due to geophagia.
Maternal Zn deficiency is also commonly seen, leads to congenital malformation of CNS.

17. Related Diseases (Contd.)
Impaired taste (hypogeusia) & smell (Hyposmia) have been associated with zinc deficiency.
Improved growth & wound healing with increased intake in areas of marginal Zn nutrition seen.
Excessive intake of alcohol, malabsorption syndrome, chronic renal failure & prolong use of I.V. hyper alimentation without supplemental Zn leads to deficiency.

18. Excess TWO grams or more if taken, is toxic.
Acute G/E irritation, leads to vomiting.
Used as “EMETIC”.
Excessive Zn intake results in copper deficiency

19. THANKS