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지구 기후 변화 지구 온난화 온실가스 쿄토 의정서 Last update:
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Meet the Globe Farewell Vanishing Glaciers -Global Warming Anchorage Alaska Glacier Melting An Incovenient Truth Everest's Melting Glaciers
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지표면 평균 온도 추세 By NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies - Public Domain,
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대한민국
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온실효과 25+5=30 70 100 Solar Constant = 1366W/sq meter. 1366/4 = 342 Watts/m2.(pi*R^2/4*piR^2) It fluctuates by about 6.9% during a year. 70 49
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과거 40만년간의 CO2 농도와 온도
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Historical carbon dioxide record from the Siple Station ice core
Friedli, H., H. Lötscher, H. Oeschger, U. Siegenthaler, and B. Stauffer Ice core record of 13C/12C ratio of atmospheric CO2 in the past two centuries. Nature 324:
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Past 60,000 years
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최근의 변화
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자연적인가 인위적인가? Experiments using computer models confirm the importance of human-produced emissions in the temperature trends of recent decades. This graphic depicts global average temperature since 1890 as reproduced by the NCAR/DOE Parallel Climate Model. The blue line summarizes simulations performed using only natural influences on climate (volcanoes and solar variations). The red line, from a set of simulations that includes sulfate aerosol pollution and greenhouse gases, is much closer to the observed record (black line). The blue and red shading shows the range of results (the model uncertainty) for each group of simulations, or ensemble. (Illustration courtesy Gerald Meehl, NCAR)
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대기중 CO2 농도 변화-Mauna Loa, Hawaii
+2.0 ppm/yr +1.5 ppm/yr +1.0 ppm/yr
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현재의 CO2 대기중 농도 변화 2.0 ppm/yr
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Global carbon dioxide emissions from human activities 1800–2007
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현재와 미래의 대기 중 이산화탄소 농도
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Methane Concentration
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Infra Red Absorption
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주요 온실가스
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지난 천년 기온과 후 100년 예상
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지구 기온 변화
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1750년 대비 2000년 기후에 미치는 인위적 및 자연적 요소
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The Carbon Cycle
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Human Perturbation CO2 sources The World's Carbon Reservoirs Reservoir
Size (Gt C) Atmosphere 750 Forests 610 Soils 1580 Surface ocean 1020 Deep ocean 38,100 Fossil fuels Coal 4,000 Oil 500 Natural gas Total fossil fuel 5,000 Human Perturbations to the Global Carbon Budget CO2 sources Flux (Gt C/yr) Fossil fuel combustion and cement production 5.5 ± 0.5 Tropical deforestation 1.6 ± 1.0 Total anthropogenic emissions 7.1 ± 1.1 CO2sinks Storage in the atmosphere 3.3 ± 0.2 Uptake by the ocean 2.0 ± 0.8 Northern hemisphere forest regrowth 0.5 ± 0.5 Other terrestrial sinks (CO2 fertilization, nitrogen fertilization, climatic effects) 1.3 ± 1.5 Source: Climate Change 1995, published by the IPCC
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기후 변화 1900년 대비 2000년 강수량 년대비 2000년 기온
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World's oceans warmest on record the summer of 2009
NOAA These globes show surface temperature anomalies for August. Temperature is compared to the average global temperature for Augusts from
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지난 300년간의 해수면 변화 현재: 3.0 mm/yr 0.5 mm/yr from Greenland
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기상이변에 의한 전세계적 비용
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냉각 요소
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기후 변화의 잠재적 영향
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산림
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물 부족
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Dear Mr. President: No challenge we face is more momentous than the threat of global climate change. The current provisions of the Kyoto Protocol are a matter of legitimate debate. But the situation is becoming urgent, and it is time for consensus and action. There are many strategies for curbing greenhouse-gas emissions without slowing economic growth. In fact, the spread of advanced, cleaner technology is more of an economic opportunity than a peril. We urge you to develop a plan to reduce U.S. production of greenhouse gases. The future of our children and their children depends on the resolve that you and other world leaders show. Respectfully, Jimmy Carter, Mikhail Gorbachev, John Glenn, Walter Cronkite, George Soros, J. Craig Venter, Jane Goodall, Edward O. Wilson, Harrison Ford, Stephen Hawking
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Kyoto 2002
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Kyoto 2010
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Paris climate accord 2015 The aim of the convention is described in Article 2, "enhancing the implementation" of the UNFCCC through: (a) Holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change; (b) Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten food production; (c) Making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development. Countries furthermore aim to reach "global peaking of greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible". The Paris deal is the world's first comprehensive climate agreement.
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