1. Vocabulary Chapter 1: Lesson 3
Natural selection
Adaptation
Niche
Competition
Predation
Predator
Prey
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Parasite
host

2. Natural Selection
The process by which organisms that are best adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.
Examples: birds that have adapted to eating (activity), black mice on volcanic ash

3. Adaptation
An inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

4. Niche The role an organism plays in its habitat
Examples: producer, predator, how they reproduce, and physical conditions it needs to survive.

5. the struggle between organisms to survive
Competition
the struggle between organisms to survive
Examples: for food, sunlight, nutrients, water, shelter, space

6. predation
One organism kills another for food or nutrients

7. predator Organism that does the killing A: prey
Apply: Too many predators decrease the population

8. Prey The organism that is killed A: Predator
Apply: a decrease in prey will lead to decrease in predators

9. Symbiosis
Any relationship in which two species live closely together and at least one of the species benefits.
Examples: mutualism, commensalism, parasitism

10. Mutualism A relationship that both species benefits
Example: stinging ants in an Acacia tree, oxpecker eat ticks on Impala’s ears, hummingbird and flower

11. Example: ray and fish, tree and some plants
Commensalism
A relationship that one species benefits and there is no effect on the other
Example: ray and fish, tree and some plants

12. Parasitism
A relationship that one species benefits and the other species is harmed
Example: Mistletoe, cowbird and yellow warbler, fish lice, lice, ticks

13. The organism that benefits
Parasite
The organism that benefits
Example: tick, mistletoe, cowbird, lice

14. host The organism that is harmed
Example: yellow warbler, fish, people, tree