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Material for Introductory Microbiology
Computer Filename: Protsynb.ppt Protein Synthesis Material for Introductory Microbiology
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Overview Genes are composed of DNA within the chromosome
Genes code for proteins DNA is transcripted into RNA RNA is translated into protein by ribosomes Genes regulated by control of RNA production
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Lecture Outline Protein synthesis tRNA structure
adding amino acids to tRNA ribosome structure ribosome attachment protein synthesis :initiation, elongation, attachment
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Concepts from OAC Structure & Function of DNA & RNA Genetic code
Transcription & translation Protein synthesis
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Background Terms & Concepts
Structure of DNA & RNA Ribosomes Enzymes
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CODONS sequences of three adjacent nucleotides that code for one amino acid or polypetide termination 64 codons encrypt of ~ 20 amino acids degenerate ACU, ACC,ACA, ACG threonine Start codon AUG (also codes for methionine) Stop codon UAA,UAG,UGA (nonsense codons)
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Interpreting the Genetic Code
Two step process :Transcription -translation Transcription DNA --> RNA Translation RNA--> protein
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Transcription Production of an RNA copy of the gene occurs in nucleus
DNA unravels- single strand RNA Polymerase binds to Promotor site Reads to stop codon assembles complementary single strand of RNA (primary RNA) Disengages when reaches stop codon
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Protein Synthesis Formation of an initiation complex Chain elongation Chain termination
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Concept Map: Protein Synthesis
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Initiation of Protein Synthesis
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Peptide Elongation
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tRNA-AA Binding
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Protein Membrane Signal Sequences
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Cytoplasmic signal sequences
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Transmembrane Sequences
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EM of ER
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Golgi Signalling
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Overview of Protein Synthesis
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Transcription-translation Overview
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