1. AP Human Geography Week #7
Fall 2016

2. AP Human Geography 10/17/16 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine the laws of migration. APHugII-C.3
Language objective: Write about refugees.
Daily opener#18: Examine Figure 3.10 p Where have the Chinese migrated in South East Asia?
I. Journal#18 pt.A
-Watch the following:
Fleeing Somalia: refugees from the forgotten war
II. Return of Chapter#2 Test
III. Journal#18 pt.B
-notes on the laws of migration
Homework: Read p
NOTICE: Journals Due Thursday Oct 20th
NOTICE: U.S. Map Test Friday Oct 21st
NOTICE: Chapter#3 Test Monday Oct 24th

3. Ernst Ravenstein’s “Laws of migration”
1. Every migration flow generates a return or counter migration.
-Counter streams occur for many factors like economics, legal, or personal reasons, ex. Jewish people returning to Israel after Diaspora
2. The majority of migrants move a short distance
-Most migration happens in a step by step pattern
-Intervening opportunities and intervening obstacles can cause a person’s plansto change
3. Migrants who move longer distance tend to choose big-city destinations
-Ravenstein lived in the 1800s during Industrial Rev. and saw this first hand; cities tend to hold pull factor of jobs and better economic opportunities
4. Urban migrants are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas
-True in Ravenstein’s time and in some developing nations, however the United States has experienced some counter- urbanization
5. Families are less likely to make international moves than young adults
-Easier to move oneself

4. Gravity model was anticipated by Ravenstein.
Gravity model is an inverse relationship between volume of migration and distance to the destination.
Gravity model was anticipated by Ravenstein.
The physical laws of gravity first studied by Newton can be applied to the actions of humans in terms of migration and economics
Spatial interaction such as migration is directly related to the populations and inversely related to the distance between them.
International refugees cross one or more borders and are encamped in a country not their own.
Intranational refugees abandon their homes, but not their countries-this is the largest number world wide.
Refugees move with what they can physically carry
Most make their first move on foot, bike, wagon or open boat
They have no official documents or papers such as passport, etc.

5. The Refugee Problem
UN definition-person who migrates out of fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, social status or political opinion.
Difficult to get an accurate count-governments manipulate the numbers.
Internal (intranational) refugees a bigger issue than external (international).
Picture at right-Rwanda refugees-1994-over 1 million Rwandans fled into Zaire (Dem. Rep. of Congo), Tanzania, Uganda, and Burundi to escape the massacre and famine.

6. Characteristics of Refugees
Move with only what they can carry or easily transport.
Most move first on foot, bicycle, wagon or open boat-very low tech. transport.
Most have no official documentation such as passports, identification or other official papers.

7. Where are Refugees

8. Refugees

9. Regions of Dislocation-Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa-over 8 million official international refugees-the largest # in the world.
Collapse of order in Somalia
Civil Wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone
Sudan’s civil war
Rwanda massacres and economic disaster.
Endemic African Problems:
Weak and corrupt governments.
Lack of national cohesion.
Lack of a democratic tradition
Historic ethnic conflicts
Excessive number of weapons left over from the Cold War.

10. Refugees from Uganda’s civil war that began in the 1980s
Death toll 100,000 with 1 ½ million refugees
For 19 years –armed insurgency, massacres, child abuse and global apapthy-the LRA Lord’s Resistance Army has fought to overthrow the Uganda government
Night raids capture children to make into soldiers, raping, beating and killing civilians-death toll over 100,000
1 ½ million refugees live in crowded tent city refugee camps like the Pabbo camp in Uganda.

11. The Sudan –Fighting in the Darfur region of the Sudan has generated thousands of refugees. In eastern Chad, the Iridimi refugee camp is home to almost 15,000 refugees from the Darfur province, including the women in this photo.

12. Regions of Dislocation
South West & Central Asia:
Kurds in Iraq, Turkey and Syria displaced during Gulf Wars.
Palestinians displaced by several wars with Israel.
Afghanistan-many refugees during the long Soviet occupation, Taliban regime and war.
South and South East Asia:
Civil War in Sri Lanka-Tamils versus Sinahlese
Vietnam and Cambodia after the Vietnam War
Myanmar (Burma) military rule has driven many to exile.

13. Major Modern Migrations
Europe to North America & South America
Africa to the Americas (Slave Trade)
UK to Australia, New Zealand
India to East Africa, SE Asia
China to SE Asia
Eastern US to Western US
Western Russia to Eastern Russia

14. By the numbers
Europe-Before 1830s about 2.75 million left million left for New World, (most from England & Germany) Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
Africa-slave trade began in 16th cent. With Caribbean sugar plantation workers Early 17th cent. North America to work on cotton plantations
Most were from West Africa-Liberia to Nigeria and from coastal margins of Sahara.
Most 10 million out of 12 million went to Brazil and Caribbean for sugar plantations
East Africa slave trade also active Arab slave traders on Zanzibar along the Horn
India-British brought many Indians to South Africa and East Africa as well as Caribbean-(Trinidad, Guyana) as indentured servants.
China-SE Asia-tended to migrate to urban areas and engaged in trade
-76% of Singapore 32% of Malaysia 14% of Thailand
-3% of Indonesia (but it is 200 million)

15. Another example of Forced Migration
From 12 to 30 million Africans were forced from their homelands in the 18th century. It took generations to restore the population balance.

17. Trans-Siberian Railway increased migration to the east

18. Post war immigration to Palestine accelerated which displaced 600,000 Palestinian Arabs who sought refuge in Jordan, Syria, Egypt and so forth.

19. Exit Question#18
17.) In the Video for part A today, what type of refugees were the Somali’s?

20. Homework Tonight Read p.97-102 Continue working on Chapter#3 Review.
Study for U.S. Map Test

21. AP Human Geography 10/18/16 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine various migrations in U.S. History. APHugII-C.3
Language objective: Write about U.S. migration.
Daily opener#19: Examine Figure 3.17 p What is the difference between immigration in 1900 and today?
I. Journal#19 pt.A
-Watch the following:
Chinese Immigration
II. Quiz#11
III. Journal#19 pt.B
-notes on the laws of migration
Homework: Read p
NOTICE: Journals#10-19 Due Thursday Oct 22nd
NOTICE: U.S. Map Test Friday Oct 23rd
NOTICE: Chapter#3 Test Monday Oct 26th

22. Historic US Migration Westward to the frontier.
Black migration to northern cities in WWI and WWII period.
1950s, 60s Cubans to Florida from Castro’s Cuba.
In recent decades the migration from the Rust belt to the Sunbelt took place.
Some blacks returned to the South.
So many Cubans live in Dade County Florida that it is now a bilingual county

23. Waves of Immigration-US 1820-2001
Changing immigration laws, and changing push and pull factors create waves of immigration.

24. U.S. Immigration Patterns
Immigration to the US from
1870 US Population was 40 million.
72% lived in small towns or on farms.
at least 15 million immigrants-mostly Eastern Europeans & Southern Europeans flooded into the US.
These new immigrants were different in religion & darker in complexion than previous immigrants.
By 1920, over half of the U.S. population lived in cities.

25. Migration to the US by region of origin.
Europeans made up 90% during the 19th cent. And as late as 1960 made up 50%. South Asia was the largest source for a brief time in the 1980s.
Latin America is now the main source.
Of European immigration-fueled by rapid population growth.
Germany sent the largest # with 7.1 million.
Italy 5.4 m.
UK 5.2 m
Ireland 4.8 m
Russia & former USSR 3.5 million

27. Guest Workers
Guest workers – migrants whom a country allows in to fill a labor need, assuming the workers will go “home” once the labor need subsides.
- have short term work visas
- send remittances to home country
- France-many from Algeria
- Germany-many from Turkey, Eastern Europe

28. Fun Facts
Only recently has Germany allowed the Turks-now 2nd or 3rd generation-to become German citizens
Nigeria kicked out its guest workers
Indonesia pulled out its many citizens in the Middle East before the 2003 Iraq War

29. Detroit is last in…

30. Where the immigrants are in Metro Detroit

31. Metro Detroit by the numbers

32. Summary
A 2013 report by Global Detroit and Data Driven Detroit stated that there were almost 400,000 immigrants combined in Wayne, Oakland, Macomb, and Washtenaw counties. The largest groups are, in order:
1.) India
2.) Mexico
3.) Iraq
4.) Canada
5.)Lebanon.
Throughout the entire U.S. the largest immigration group comes from Mexico.

33. Ancestry in Detroit

34. Exit Question#19
Question#19: What is the largest immigrant group to metro Detroit and how does immigration to metro Detroit differ from the rest of the United States?

35. Homework Tonight Read p.102-108 Continue work on Ch#3 Review.
Study for U.S. Map Test

36. AP Human Geography 10/19/16 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine the concept of genocide. APHugII-C.4
Language objective: Write about genocide.
I. Administrative Stuff
-attendance & directions
II. Practice U.S. Map Test
-practice map test
III. Film: Hotel Rwanda Day#1
-questions on film about genocide
Homework: Study for U.S. map test & Ch#3 Test
NOTICE: Journals#10-19 Due TOMORROW!
NOTICE: U.S. Map Test Friday Oct 21st
NOTICE: Chapter#3 Test Monday October 24th

37. Homework Tonight
Study for U.S. Map Test.
Complete Ch#3 Review.

38. AP Human Geography 10/20/16 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine the concept of genocide. APHugII-C.4
Language objective: Write about genocide.
I. Administrative Stuff
-attendance
II. Journals#10-19 Due
III. Film: Hotel Rwanda Day#2
-questions on film about genocide
Homework: Study for U.S. map test & Ch#3 Test
NOTICE: U.S. Map Test TOMORROW!
NOTICE: Chapter#3 Test Monday October 24th

39. AP Human Geography 10/21/16 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of the United States and continue examination of genocide. APHugII-C.4
Language objective: Write about genocide.
I. U.S. Map Test
II. Quiz#12
III. Complete Film: Hotel Rwanda
IV. FRQ Day#6
-FRQ# Answer
NOTICE: Chapter#3 Test MONDAY!

40. Homework Tonight
Study for Ch#3 Test.