1. Hadron Physics at Belle
- Exotic & Hadron Spectroscopy etc. -
Symposium on Hadron Physics
KEK Y.Sakai

2. “Exotic”& New Resonances
New resonances discovered
at B-Factories
Zb0
Z(3885)
Observed >15
Exotic resonances
Zb(10610),Zb(10650)
hb(2S)
X(3915), Y(4350) hb
Charged
Integrated Luminosity Yb
Z(4050),Z(4250) d c u
Y(4660)
Y(4008)
Z(4430) u c
DsJ(2700)
Xcx(3090)
DsJ(2860)
Tetraquark
cluster
cc2’
Neutral c g
Y(4320)
X(3940), Y(3940) u c
Sc* baryon triplet
Y(4260)
X(3872)
Hybrid
DsJ(2317/2460)
D0*0 & D1*0
hc’ & e+e-cccc
Can reveal structure
of exotic resonances

3. Variety of Processes at BF
(1)
B-meson decays
Charmonium(-like)
Charmed mesons
Charmed Baryons/Pentaquark
Light hadrons
B(B → pX)=8%
ISR e+e- annihilation A
Charmonium(-like) [JPC =1- - ]
(ss-bar) (l-ike) states [JPC =1- - ]
Mass range 0.5 – 9? GeV

4. Variety of Processes at BF
(2)
e+e- → charmonium + X
Charmonium(-like) [C= +]
(ss-bar) (-like) states [C= +]
X = Missing, y+Missing
Tow-photon process (gg → X) A
Charmonium(-like) [JPC =,0 -, 2 - ]
(ss-bar) (l-ike) states [JPC =,0 -, 2 - ]
Mass range 0.5 – 5? GeV

5. Variety of Processes at BF
(4)
Decays from Y(nS)
Bottomonium(-like)
Charmonium(-like) pair
H-dibaryons
Detector as target
Pentaquark
Strange Baryon
[PLB 632, 173 (2006)]
K, L beams
e+e- → inclusive hadrons

6. New Resonances by Belle
Resonance Spectrum discover by Belle
Υ(４S)
Υ(5S)
2003~2009.8(15 states)
2009.8~(11 states)
Bottom Flavor Region
Charm Flavor Region
Zb0
X(3825)
Z(3885)+
Z(4200)+
hb(2S)

7. Studies on known XYZ etc.
Recent 5 years by Belle
X(3872) → D*0D0 (B → X K)
X(3872) → J/y g, y’ g (B → X K)
Comparison of X(3872) in B+/0 → X K+/0
JPC of X(3872) (B → J/y p+p- K)
(1S/2S) → X(3872) g search
Zb(10610/50)+ → B*B(*)
Y(4260/4360) → J/y h search (e+e- ISR)
X(new) → J/y h search in B → X K
(5S) → (1D) p+p-
JPC of Z(4430) + (B → y’ p+ K Ang.Dalitz)
(2S) → hb(1/2S) g [had.excl.] search
JPC of Z(10610/50) + ((5S) →  (nS) p+p- Ang.Dalitz)
Rb and  (nS) p+p- scan
Z(4430) + → J/y p+ (B → J/y p+ K Ang.Dalitz)

8. Others on Hadron Physics
Recent 5 years by Belle
ISR e+e- → D0D*- p+
ISR e+e- → Ds (*+) Ds(*-)
(1/2S) → excl. light hadrons
gg → ff, fw [Res. structure]
gg → h p0
gg → h h
gg → h’p+p- [(1760), X(1835)]
gg* → p0 Form Factor
(1/2S) → H-dibaryon search
Xcc search
Xc* decays
e+e- → Inclusive strange/charmed Baryons

9. Charmonium(-like) States
Above DD threshold
“Exotics”
S.Olsen’s talk
Below DD threshold
well described by
Potential model

10. Bottomonium(-like) States
Below BB threshold
well described by
Potential model

11. Yb: Y(4260) counter part Large rate of Y(4260) → J/y p+p-
Hadrons
Anomalously large rates
(5S) →  (nS) p+p-
~100 times larger than
(1-4S) →  (nS) p+p-
Peak locations are
Different ?

12. New Energy Scan 2010 May-June run Fine Rb scan 16 new points
LLWI 2014
Hadrons
2010 May-June run
Fine Rb scan
16 new points
for  (nS) p+p-
Preliminary

13. New Energy Scan
LLWI 2014
Preliminary
(6S) II
Yb’ ?

14. Exotic nature of “(5S) ”
First Observation
(5S) → hb (nP) p+p-
is not suppressed
~similar to
(5S) →  (nS) p+p-
Similar to enhance of
hc p+p- at Y(4260) CLEO
[PRL107, (2011)]
[PRL 108, (2012)]

15. Charged Bottomium-like Zb+
Zb(10610)+ & Zb(10650)+
~all hb(nP) p+p-
from Zb+ p-
[PRL 108, (2012)]
Relative
Phase
of Zb’s
~180o
~BB* & B*B* threshold
Relative
Phase
of Zb’s
~0o

16. IG : Neutral Partner of Zb
[PRD D 88, (2013)]
First observation of
(5S) →  (nS)p0p0
Rates: consistent with
half of (5S) →  (nS)p+p-
Neutral partner in
(5S) →  (nS)p0p0
6.5s significance
mass
10609 4 4 MeV
IG = 1+

17. JP of Zb(10610/10650)+
6D Angular and Dalitz analysis of (5S) → (nS)p+p-
[arXiv: to PRD ]
D(2lnL) values
Both: JP = 1+ (>6s)
(3S)p+p-
Zb(10610)+ region

18. Zb(10610/10650)+ → B*B(*) B*B(*) : Dominant decay Mode Molecule
9.3s BB
B*B*
5.7s
B*B(*) :
Dominant
decay
Mode
Molecule
Preliminary
[arXiv: ]

19. Zb(10610/10650)+ Summary Molecular Interpretation A
[Bonder et al. PRD 84,054010(2011)] A
IG (JP) = 1+ ( 1+ )
B*B(*) mode is dominant

20. Zb Family Spectroscopy

21. Bonus of Exotics/Anomaly (1)
Large (5S) → Zb+ p- → hb (nP) p+p-
Discovery of hb (nP)
hb → hb g g
Bottomonium study hb
First Evidence !
hb(2P) → g b(2S)
pNRQCD
LQCD
Belle
4.2 w/ syst
In agreement with theory
Mmiss (+-)
(2)
(2S) = 4  8 MeV, < 90% C.L.
[PRL 109, (2012)]
expect 4MeV

22. Bonus of Exotics/Anomaly (2)
ISR
b(1S)
b(1P)
BaBar (3S)b(1S)
MHF(1S) 3
arxiv:
Belle : 57.9  2.3 MeV
hb(1P)
b(1S)
PDG’12 : 69.3  2.8 MeV
LQCD
pNRQCD
BaBar (3S)
PRL101, (2008)
BaBar (2S)
ISR
b(1S)
BaBar (2S)b(1S)
hb(2P)
b(1S)
CLEO (3S)
PRL103, (2009)
Mmiss (+-)
(n)
Kniehl et al, PRL92,242001(2004)
CLEO (3S)
Meinel, PRD82,114502(2010)
[ PRL 109, (2012) ]
Belle result decreases tension with theory
First measurement  = MeV
–3.7
–2.0
PRD81, (2010)
as expected

23. Extension to Strange quark (1)
ISR e+e- → J/y p+p- [X(4260)] ; y’ p+p- [X(4360)]
→ f p+p-
→ f f0(980)
673 fb-1
Y(2175)
Y(2175)
m = 2079  13  MeV
G =  23  MeV 79 28 21 61
[PRD 80, (2009)]
PDG: f(2170)
m = 2175  15 MeV
G =  18 MeV
BaBar
[PRD 74, (2006)]
CLEO
[PRL 100, (2008)]

24. Extension to Strange quark (2)
gg → J/y w [X(3915)] ; J/y f [X(4350)]
→ f w
→ f f
870 fb-1
[PRL 108, (2012)]
Structures in low mass region
GeV
JP of structures are extracted
by angular distribution
w w

25. Baryon production in e+e-
[ M. Sumihama (Hadron13), M.Niiyama(Morind QCD) ]

26. Belle Results: Strange Baryons
Belle NPC
[ M. Sumihama (Hadron13), M.Niiyama(Morind QCD) ]

27. Belle Results: Charmed BaryonsLc Sc
[ M. Sumihama (Hadron13), M.Niiyama(Morind QCD) ]

28. Charmed Strange Bayons Xc
First observation of Xc(3055)0 !
980 fb-1

29. H-dibaryon Search (1S, 2S) decays World largest data samples
tri-diquark
Jaffe, PRL 38, 195 (1977)
hypernucleus
[PRL 110, (2013)]

30. Summary B-Factory offers excellent Laboratory for studies
of Hadron physics
Exotic hadrons: started in 2003; X(3872)
Many Charmonium-like exotic states observed
Recently, extended to Bottomonium region
and Strange quarkonium region
Progress on systematic understanding Exotics
Baryon studies: Strange, Charmed baryons
Di-baryons
Still many analyses are on going / possible
More from LHC/LHCb and SuperKEKB/Belle II A

31. Hypothetical Exotic States
Pentaquark: H-diBaryon
Glueball
Tetraquark mesons
qq-gluon hybrid mesons u c d s _ p D0
D*0
S=+1 Baryon
tightly bound
6-quark state
Color-singlet multi-
gluon bound state
diquark-diantiquark
loosely bound
meson-antimeson
“molecule”

32. Observation of (4S) → hb h
at Moriond QCD

33. “(5S)” →  (nS) p+p- Υ(3S)π+π- Υ(2S)π+π- Υ(1S)π+π- M2(ϒπ±) π+π-

34. JP of Zb(10610/10650)+