1. Social Studies 9 – Mr. Bilan
February 3rd, 2017
Social Studies 9 – Mr. Bilan

2. Taking care of some business
Hand in your 3 – 2 – 1 worksheets to me as soon as possible; I will mark them and hand them back to you by Tuesday
Mr. Bilan’s music recommendations; if you are the first person to walk into class and the square is still blank, you can write in one singer/artist/musician/etc. for me to check out
There will be a short unit quiz on Tuesday. February 14th; make sure to hang on to your notes so you can study

3. Our Expectations for Each Other
In groups with people around you think of 1 to 3 rules that are in this class regarding the topic
You’ll have about minutes to fill the form out (pick one person to write the rules down)
Hand them in to me after you’ve completed them

4. The Iroquois of the Eastern Woodlands
The Huron, Iroquois and other cultures of the Eastern Woodlands lived in the area around the Great Lakes

5. How the Iroquois Lived
Long before contact with Europeans, Iroquois lived in large, permanent villages that had tall fences
These villages sometimes started off with only a few longhouses, but could grow into villages with over a thousand people over time

6. How the Iroquois Lived
Each longhouse contained several extended families, while each nuclear family had its own room within the longhouse
These individual rooms were also called hearths

7. How the Iroquois Farmed
Around 500 CE, the Iroquois learned how to grow corn from Indigenous people to the south of them
This led them to switch from a nomadic lifestyle to establishing larger, permanent settlements
At first, the Iroquois only grew corn, (a staple crop) which they grew to eat for themselves.
A staple crop is something grown mostly for your own use, and makes up a large part of your diet

8. How the Iroquois Farmed
They eventually started cultivating new crops like beans, sunflowers, and squash
Together, corn, beans, and squash were known as the Three Sisters because of how important they were to the Iroquois
Eventually, Iroquois began growing tobacco, which could be used as a cash crop
This means that they could use it to trade or sell instead of just using it for themselves
These advances in agriculture are what allowed Iroquois villages to grow so large

9. Culture and Society
Long before they had contact with Europeans, Iroquois lived year-round in large villages with tall, thick fences
These villages could grow so large because the Iroquois had developed farming and agriculture
Why do you think farming and agriculture caused the Iroquois to stay put and form large villages?

10. Culture and Society Iroquois society was matrilineal and matrilocal
When a man and a woman in Iroquois society married, who would the property/name go to?
Women also owned the fields in which crops were grown, and married families would live with the women

11. Culture and Society
Iroquois villages usually consisted of a clan or extended family
Clans had two leaders, a civil chief and a military chief
The civil chief ran the clan’s day to day activities, while the military chief was responsible for dealing with other clans when there were disagreements
Clan leaders were chosen by a clan’s female elders, who could remove chiefs if necessary
Whenever possible, Iroquois clans would meet together to cooperate and discuss issues that concerned their people as a whole, making decisions democratically
It is believed that the Iroquois way of making decisions helped inspire the US Constitution

12. Brain Break!

13. The Plains People

14. Plains Peoples Range
The Plains cultures covered a vast section of North America, from the middle of Alberta all the way to near the Gulf of Mexico, where modern day Texas is

15. How the Plains People lived
Unlike the Iroquois, the Plains people were largely nomadic
This was because their primary source of food was the buffalo; their herds would wander across the Great Plains never staying in one place
One tool they used to hunt buffalo were blinds, which were used to steer buffalo towards a certain place
Then, they would either use a pound or a jump
Pounds were structures used to make buffalo think they were trapped; hunters would then shoot them with bows and arrows
Buffalo jumps were simply cliffs that the buffalo would run over
Most would die after hitting the ground, any survivors were killed by waiting hunters

16. How Plains People lived
Because of their nomadic lifestyle, plains people used the tipi as their primary form of shelter
They were made of several wooden poles in a triangle shape, covered with buffalo skin and with a flap in the roof to let smoke out
Why do you think a nomadic people would use the tipi for shelter?
Another adaptation the Plains people made was the travois
It was a simple sled made of two poles tied together in a triangle shape with netting in between
A person or a horse using a travois could carry much more weight than just on their own
They were even better than wheeled carts in certain situations because they were less likely to be slowed down by soft mud or snow

17. The Sun Dance Despite its name, it is not about worshipping the sun
Plains Cree called in the suffering dance because its participants hoped to see visions by doing it
A lodge would be built, with a pole containing decorations like bison skulls
Dancers would then dance for several days without resting, eating, or drinking
Young warriors would even pierce their chest with bone skewers attached to the central pole, which would rip out as they danced
This would help them prove their ability to withstand pain

18. Reminders and Exit Slip
There will be a quiz on February 14
Exit slip: 2-3 things you learned today, and one question you still have
Hand it to me before you leave