1. EFA Global Monitoring Report
Education and international development Why research matters
Pauline Rose, 29 September 2011

2. Why research matters (for the EFA Global Monitoring Report)
Evidence needed to hold governments and international aid donors to account for achieving Education for All:
Show progress (or otherwise) towards EFA goals
Understand processes holding back progress
Identify policies and strategies to reach the goals
AND, more broadly, ensure education is given a central place on the development agenda

3. Education progress is slowing
Current projections - 48 million children out of school in 2015, and real numbers could be much higher
Out-of-school
children
(millions)
Out-of-school children 20 40 60 80
100
120
106 million
Rest of the World 4
Latin America and the Caribbean 9
Arab States 11
East Asia and the Pacific 29 18 8 6 3
67 million
South and West Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
48 million
37 million
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Sub-Saharan Africa
42 million
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
1999
2008

4. Aid to basic education has been static
Disbursements of aid to basic education stopped increasing in 2008 – US$4.7 billion
Aid disbursements to education (constant 2008 US$ billions) 12
11.7
11.4
10.6 10
9.6
8.5
8.1 8
6.4 6 4
4.7
4.7 2
4.2
3.0
3.3
3.8
2.4
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Total aid to basic education
Total aid to education

5. Aid to basic education has been static
Pakistan
Angola
21 of the world’s poorest developing countries that spend more on military budgets than primary education
10% of their military spending could put 9.5 million children into school
Chad
Guinea -
Bissau
Afghanistan
Kyrgyzstan
Burundi
Mauritania
D. R. Congo
Bangladesh
Ethiopia
Togo
Yemen
Uganda
Vietnam
Burkina Faso
Mali
Nepal
Sierra Leone
Cambodia
C. A. R.
Gambia
Cote d'Ivoire
Madagascar
Kenya
Senegal
U. R. Tanzania 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ratio of military to primary education expenditure

6. Spending priorities: Education versus military
US$1029 billion Total annual military spending by rich countries 6
number of days of military spending needed to close the EFA funding gap

7. Spending priorities don’t match citizen priorities in humantarian situations
Humanitarian aid in 2009
Education received
only 2% of all
US$ Million
funding. 2%
And has the smallest share of requests
funded

8. Nigeria: education inequalities remain wide14
(2003)
Somalia
Chad
Bangladesh
Cameroon
Honduras
Indonesia
Bolivia
Cuba
Ukraine 12
10 years
10.3 years
9.7 years
Rich, rural boys
Urban
Rural 10
Rich, urban boys
Richest 20%
Rich, rural girls
Boys 8
Girls
Average number of years of schooling
Nigeria
6.7 years
6.4 years
Poor, urban boys 6 4
Education poverty
Poorest 20%
3.5 years
3.3 years
Poor, rural girls
2.6 years 2
Extreme education poverty
Rural Hausa
Poor, rural Hausa girls
0.5 years
0.3 years

9. Egypt: challenges at both ends of the education spectrum

10. Conflict reinforces education inequality
Democratic Republic of Congo
Poorest 20% female
Poor females are most likely to miss out on an education in conflict zones
40%
Poorest 20% male
North Kivu
30%
Population aged with fewer than 2 years of education
20%
Richest 20% male
10% 0%

11. Educating women saves lives
The education dividend could save 1.8 million lives
4.4 million
4.2 million
2.6 million
Under 5 deaths in sub-Saharan Africa
…if all women had primary education
…if all women had secondary education

12. Education enhances equality

13. Education improves HIV awareness

14. Conclusion
Research matters to ensure progress towards EFA, and to shape the agenda beyond 2015