1. Kingdom Plantae…aka Plants!

2. Plants: many shapes, sizes, & internal structures 2 phyla for plants:
tracheophytes = vascular tissue
( true roots, leaves and stems)
Seedless
Seeded
bryophytes = nonvascular plants
( no true roots, stems, leaves)
Provide most living things with food & O2
Are Autotrophs
Are Eukaryotes

3. Non Vascular Plants A.k.a- Bryophytes Low growing plants
Lack vacular tissue
Xylem- tubes transport water
Phloem – tubes transport
food…GLUCOSE!

4. Characteristics: Autotrophs Multi-cellular Asexual reproduction
spores
Sexual reproduction
Sperm and egg cells
Require water to reproduce
Eukaryotic

5. Examples Include:
Mosses Liverworts Hornworts

6. Vascular Plants A.k.a…Tracheopytes
Contain true roots, leaves and stems
Have vascular bundles
Can be seedless
Can be seeded

7. Non seeded vascular plants
Have vascular tissue
Do not use seeds to reproduce
Ex. Horsetails, & Ferns

8. Seeded Plants: 2. Angiosperms: Cone bearing plants
Have vascular tissue
Produce seeds (to reproduce)
1. Gymnosperms:
Cone bearing plants
2. Angiosperms:
Flower bearing plants

9. Characteristics of Seeded Plants:
Seeds made up of:
Embryo – fertilized seed: develop into the young plants
Stored food
Seed coat

10. Gymnosperms: Produce “naked seeds” No fruit covering
Needlelike/scale-like leaves
Cones are reproductive structures
Male and female cones
Include cycads, ginkos, gnetophytes and conifers

11. Cycad

12. Ginko biloba

14. Plants which produced seeds which are protected by fruit 2 categories:
Angiosperms
Flowering plants
Plants which produced seeds which are protected by fruit
2 categories:
Monocots
Dicots

15. Monocots: Having only one seed leaf or cotyledon
Leaves have parallel veination
Flower petals in 3’s or multiple of 3’s
Scattered Vascular bundles within the stem ( cross section)

16. Dicot: Having 2 seed leaves or cotlyledons Netted veinetion
Flowers in 4/5’s or multiples of 4/5’s
Vascular bundles are arranged wihtin the stem (cross section)

17. Monocot vs. Dicot Venation:
Parallel venation Net venation

19. Monocot vs Dicot Flowers
3’s or multiple of 3’s
4/5’s or multiple of 4/5’s

20. Monocot vs Dicot
1 cotyledon cotyledon

21. REMEMBER!!! plants have cell wall and animal cells do not
Cells are different from animal cells:
plants have cell wall and animal cells do not
b. vacuole large in plants, small in animal cells
c. plants have chloroplasts, animal cells do not