1. The Foundation of British Columbia
From Colonies to Confederation

2. FIRST CONTACT
More than ______ Aboriginal bands had been living in the region for 10,000 years
___________ reached the Northwest in 1741 and began the sea otter fur trade
Spain, England, and US also
came to area to enjoy the
benefits of the _______________fur trade
In 1826, ________________, head of the HBC, was assigned to govern BC (known at that time as _______________________________)

3. WHO OWNS THIS LAND?
___________ laid claim to the coast as far south as the northern tip of Vancouver Island
The ______ laid claim as far north as the Queen Charlotte Islands and as far east as the current BC border
The _______ saw this region as an extension of Rupert’s Land
By 1835, there were ___ NWC posts, ___ HBC posts, and ___ American posts in the _________________________– land that was claimed by both Britain and the US

5. OREGON TERRITORY ________________– control all of North America
BRITAIN
________________– control all of North America
Encouraged settlers to move into the region
HBC did not want settlers in this region because
it would disrupt the ____________

6. HBC Presence in the Oregon Territory
George Simpson created a new post, ____________________, under the leadership of _______________________ to maximize resources in the area
He was a fair leader
Rewarded employees
Encouraged Americans to settle south of the Columbia River
Trade was also expanded into the Fraser Valley and a second post was opened at __________________ in 1827

8. The HBC also had to address the Russian presence in the region
The Russians had established fur trading posts in _____________ and were starting to extend their influence south
It was agreed upon that Russia would not trade below _________; in exchange the HBC would supply food to the Russian posts
The ____________became a fixture on the waters of the Pacific Coast

9. 54º40’ or fight
In 1845, US President James Polk wanted to lay claim in the Oregon Territory up to __________
Britain refused to accept this boundary: all of their forts and fur trade business would now be part of the US!
__________ became the boundary between BNA and the US

10. THE COLONY OF VANCOUVER ISLAND
__________________was established in 1843, under the leadership of Chief Factor ________________
Britain wanted a more official presence in the region
So, in 1848, the Crown Colony of _______________________ was created
HBC had a trade monopoly, but they had to sell land to British settlers
James Douglas would be the colony’s _______________

11. Life in Fort Victoria
Britain wanted to re-create the __________________________ on Vancouver Island; settlers had to purchase land
_______: first government in the colony is established
Legislative Assembly would have ___ elected representatives
You could only vote if you owned _______
The Leg. Assembly could pass resolutions but ___________ would have final authority over resolutions
By 1855, __________ Aboriginals and ______ immigrants lived on Vancouver Island
More land was needed to attract immigrants, so Douglas negotiated ___________ with the First Nations to surrender their land stretching from Victoria to Nanaimo
Settlers would be __________ the land (still aboriginal title)

12. JOINING THE COLONIES
After the Cariboo Gold Rush was over, people started to __________________________
The idea of uniting the colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia was discussed to address economic issues
Van Is. debt = $___________
BC debt = $______________
August 6, 1866: two colonies joined together and named __________________________

13. GOVERNMENT OF THE NEW COLONY BRITISH COLUMBIA
________________ became the governor of BC
Legislative Council with _______ seats
It wasn’t _____________ government – only 9 seats were elected
___ from the mainland
___ from the island

14. SHOULD BC JOIN CANADA?
Uniting the two colonies did not end their woes regarding declining ________________ and a shortage of __________
The idea of joining _____________ was suggested
1) ________________________________
Mainly elected officials from the mainland supported this position
Proposed that Canada pay off their ______ and build a _____________ to connect with Eastern Canada
Used ___________________to promote Confederation
2) _______________________________
3) _______________________________
Victoria businessmen supported this position
Eastern Canada was _______________________________________
US would be a better ___________ for BC resources and more ____________________ would come from the US vs. Eastern Canada

15. TOWARDS CONFEDERATION
In the 1868 election, support for Confederation was split: ____________supported, ____________ opposed
June 1869: Governor Seymour died suddenly and was replaced with ____________________
Governor Musgrave __________ Confederation
Annexationists had no support

16. Confederation is achieved ___________________
Both pro and con sides worked out the details of BC’s proposal to Ottawa
Ottawa agreed to pay ____________ and build _____________
In 1871, the BC Legislative Assembly voted in favour of Confederation with the promise that ___________ government would be brought to BC after Confederation