1. Hitler’s Assault on the Soviet Union
June 22, Operation Barbarossa

2. Other Russian Tactics include:
The Russian counterattack of December used troops trained and equipped to operate in the sub-zero conditions. German commanders were badly shaken, and Hitler assumed personal command of the army, ordering his men to hold on regardless of cost.
Other Russian Tactics include:
Destroying all resources (burning crops, etc) while retreating
Dismantling and transporting factories East as retreated
Trained Partisan groups prepared to enter fighting

3. Atlantic Charter Roosevelt and Churchill meet
Stalin not invited
Outline goals for postwar world
No territorial changes
New League of Nations

4. US Destroyers and Hitler’s U-Boat Clash
July 1941, FDR decides US ships will escort Lend-Lease supplies to Iceland
Roosevelt orders a “shoot on sight” policy
November 1941
Merchant ships can be legally armed

5. Surprise Assault on Pearl Harbor
Late
US enacts embargoes on Japan and seizes assets in the US
December 7, 1941
“A day that will live in infamy”
3,000 casualties

6. The Home Front Selective Service Act War Productions Board
Men ages have to register after PH
War Productions Board
½ production goes to the war effort
Funding the War
Increased taxes
War bonds
Video: Propaganda income taxes

7. Women during the War Women in the military Female Mobility
WACs (Women’s Army Corps)
WAVES (Women Appointed for Voluntary Emergency Service)
Female Mobility
Some women moved to new communities to work in aircraft, munitions, automobile industries

8. Video: Rosie the Riveter on the assembly line
Of all the images of working women during World War II, the image of women in factories predominates. Rosie the Riveter--the strong, competent woman dressed in overalls and bandanna--was introduced as a symbol of patriotic womanhood. The accoutrements of war work--uniforms, tools, and lunch pails--were incorporated into the revised image of the feminine ideal
Video: Rosie the Riveter on the assembly line

9. WWII and African Americans
Nearly 1 million African Americans served in segregated units
Tuskegee airmen – First African American aviators in the U.S. Army
Double V Campaign
Victory at home and Victory abroad

10. WWII and Native Americans
Navajo volunteers used as “code talkers”
Japan unable to crack their code used for military communication

11. WWII and Mexican Americans
Bracero Program
1942 need for farm labor leads US govt to issue short-term work permits to Mexican workers
About 150,000 Braceros worked in agriculture and the railroads
Zoot Suit Riots, 1943 (L.A.)
Young Mexican Americans become object of frequent violent attacks by white sailors and marines
In June, riots break out in East L.A.
150 were injured, 500 Mexican Americans arrested

12. The Home Front and Japanese Americans
Executive Order 9006
Passed by FDR, required relocation of Japanese Americans living on West Coast to internment camps
Korematsu vs. US (1944)
Japanese American sued the US govt for EO 9006
Went to the Supreme Court which upheld the internment camps
Significance?
Civil liberties decrease during war-time
Video: Superman 1:25 – 2:10
Video: Relocation Camps 9’25

13. The Jewish Genocide
Onset of the war accelerates the process of elimination
Deportation of “undesirables” into concentration camps
Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah Witnesses, the handicapped, etc.
In Eastern Europe (esp. Poland) , forced relocation of Jews into Ghettoes
Mandatory wearing of clothing to identify them as Jews
Forced labor
Not allowed to leave
Hunger, fatigue, disease kill thousands of Jews by month
Video: The Path to Nazi Genocide

14. Radicalization after USSR invasion
German movement East places much larger Jewish population under Nazi control
Einsatzgruppen follow troops and exterminate all racial and political enemies
1 million people gunned down
Method eventually considered too inefficient and wearing on assassins

15. First Extermination Camps Fall 1941
Built in East (e.g. Belzec, Poland)
December 1st gassings occur in Chelmno, Poland in trucks
Turning Point of conscious policy of total extermination

16. Mass Extermination The Final Solution
Genocide on European scale as of 1941
Made official at Wannsee Conference Jan 20, 1942
SS Reinhard Heydrich defines administrative and practical methods to exterminate all Jews in Europe
Physically capable Jews used in the German war effort, all others eliminated
Gypsies sent to death camps from 1943

17. Planned and methodical organization
2 sorts of camps, overseen by the SS
Concentration Camps
Work camps created after 1933,
e.g. Dachau, stone quarry: Mauthausen (Austria), chemical plant: Auschwitz
Conditions variable: death more or less frequent from overwork, abuse, starvation
Detainees diverse, resistance members progressively sent, some camps only female
Systematic treatment of humiliation to make prisoners feel a loss of humanity

18. Survivors of the Concentration Camp of Dachau celebrate their release

19. HOMEWORK Reading Material Videos Mastering Modern World History
Part I. War and International Relations
Chapter 6 The Second World War, (pp )
The Unfinished Nation
Chapter 28 America in a World War (pp ) CHAPTER SCANNED ON BLOG
Videos
People’s Century Total War + Questions
The Century America’s Time
Civilians at War (5 parts)
Over the Edge (3 parts)