1. Aging and Cells

2. Cancer Results from uncontrolled cellular division
Cells are termed neoplasm or tumor
Treated with chemotherapy
Stops cell division by inhibiting the formation of mitotic spindles
Cancer drugs also kill any type of rapidly dividing cells, causing side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, hair loss, fatigue, and weakened immune system

4. Aging
Geriatrics- branch of science specialized for the medical care of elderly people
Gerontology- is the scientific study of the process and problems associated with aging
Telomeres- specific DNA sequences at the top of chromosomes
Protect the DNA from erosion and from sticking to one another
Shortening of telomeres contributes to aging and death of cells

5. Aging cont. Glucose Free radicals
Added to proteins creating irreversible cross-links between adjacent proteins
With advanced aging, more cross-links form which contribute to the stiffening and loss of elasticity that occurs in aging
Free radicals
Produce oxidative damage in lipids, proteins, or nucleic acids
Causes wrinkled skin, stiff joints, and hardened arteries

6. Aging Disorders Progeria Werner’s Syndrome
Normal development first few years followed by rapid aging
Caused by a genetic defect with telomeres (they shorten)
Includes dry and wrinkled skin, total baldness, and birdlike facial features
Death occurs around age 13
Werner’s Syndrome
Rare, inherited disease that causes rapid aging in 20’s
Characterized by wrinkling of skin, graying of hair and baldness, cataracts, and muscular atrophy
Tendency to develop diabetes mellitus, cancer, and cardiovascular disease
Usually die before 50

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