1. Dr Muhammad Saleem Anwar
Arabic 2
Dr Muhammad Saleem Anwar

2. لا يقترن معناها باحد الازمنة الثلاثة يقترن معناها باحد الازمنة الثلاثة
كلمة
Word
لا تدل على معنى فى نفسها
Incomplete meaning
حرف
تدل على معنى فى نفسها
Meaningful word
لا يقترن معناها باحد الازمنة الثلاثة
Time bound
فعل
يقترن معناها باحد الازمنة الثلاثة
Timeless
اسم

3. علامات الاسم
Signs of Noun

4. علامات اسم
لفظي
فى الابتداء
حرف جر
بزيدٍ ال
الرّجلُ
مشبه بالغعل
انّ زيدًا
حرف نداء
يا زيدُ
فى الوسط
مصغّر
رُجَيلٌ
فى الاخر
تنوين
زيدٌ
ياء النسبة
بغداديٌّ
تثنية
رَجُلانِ
جمع
مسلمونَ
تاء مربوطة
طلحةُ

5. مرفوع Nominative منصوب Accusative
Types of Noun
الاسم اقسام
واحد Singular
تثنية Dual
جمع Plural
معرفة Definite
نكرة Indefinite
مرفوع Nominative منصوب Accusative
مجرور Genitive
مذكر Masculine
مونث Feminine

6. Paradigm of pronoun

7. The Nominative Detached Pronoun ﺍﻟﺿﻤﺎﺋﺭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻓﻭﻋﺔﺍﻟﻤﻧﻔﺻﻟﺔ

8. Types of Noun - ﺍﻘﺴﺎﻢﺍﻻﺴﻢ
Two types
ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ - Indefinite Noun
ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ - Definite Noun

9. Indefinite noun ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ
Most words get tanween (ﺗﻧﻭﻴﻦ) to denote that the word is indefinite.
It implies generality.
It means one, or few.
There are some indefinite article that do not take tanween

10. Types of Indefinite Noun ﺍﻘﺴﺎﻢﺍﺴﻢﺍﻠﻨﻜﺮﺓ
There are several types of indefinite noun
Only two are worth mentioning here
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻠﺬﺍﺖ - a word that denotes the being of something, living or non-living.
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻠﺼﻔﺔ - a word that indicates the quality of something.

11. The Definite Noun ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
It refers to specific things
A noun may be made definite either:
By adding definite article before it
By being followed by the genitive case of possession
The prefix ‘ﺍﻞ’ is the definite article.
It is equivalent to the English ‘the’.
The definite article is actually ‘ﻞ’ only ‘ﺍ’ is added as ‘ﻫﻤﺯﺓﺍﻠﻭﺼﻞ’ for joining.

12. Types of Definite Noun ﺍﻘﺴﺎﻢﺍﺴﻢﺍﻠﻤﻌﺮﻔﺔ
Meaning
Examples 1
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
Proper noun
حامدٌ, زَينبُ 2
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ
Pronoun
هُوَ , انت, انا 3
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻻﺸﺎﺮﺓ
Demonstrative pronoun
هذا , تلكَ 4
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻟﻤﻮﺼﻮﻞ
Relative pronoun
الّذى , الّتى 5
ﺍﺴﻢﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺪﻯ
Vocative case
يا ولدُ , يا فاطمةُ 6
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻒﺒﺎﻟﻼﻢ
Noun having ﺍﻞ
البيتُ , القلمُ 7
ﻤﻀﺎﻒﺍﻟﻰﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻔﺔ
Possessive case
بيتُ اللهِ , كتابُ البنتِ

13. The Definite noun ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
Sometimes a proper noun also has tanween in which case the tanween is not regarded as indefinite
محمّدٌ, خالدٌ, زيدٌ
The definite article ‘ﺍﻝ’ is also called ﻻﻡﺘﻌﺮﻴﻑ.
When ‘ﺍﻝ’ is prefixed to any indefinite word, it becomes definite and will be termed ﻤﻌﺮﻑﺑﺎﺍﻻﻡ.
فَرَسٌ (a horse) becomes اَلفرَسُ (the horse)
Note the tanween falls off when ‘ﺍﻝ’ is attached.

14. The Definite Article - ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
When joined by the preceding word, the ‘ﺍ’ of ‘ﺍﻝ’ drops. This is called ﻫﻤﺯﺓﺍﻟﻭﺻﻝ, which is not pronounced when joined.
بابُ البَيتِ = البيتُ + بابٌ
If there is saakin letter before ‘ﺍﻝ’, it gets kasra to join with ‘ﺍﻝ’
فِى البيتِ
Except with من , which gets fat-hah.
مِنَ البيتِ

15. The Definite Article - ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
When the preceding letter has tanween, the noon of tanween gets the kasra and then joined with ‘ﻝ’ of ‘ﺍﻝ’.
E.g. =

16. The Definite Article - ﺍﻻﺴﻡﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
The ‘ﺍ’ of ابنٌ , ابنةٌ and اسمٌ is ﻫﻤﺯﺓﺍﻟﻭﺻﻝ.
It is not pronounced when joined with the preceding letter.
E.g. = =