1. Petrochemical Technology (TKK-2130)
16/17 Spring Semester
Petrochemical Technology (TKK-2130)
Instructor: Rama Oktavian
Office Hr.: M.10-15, Tu , W , Th , F

2. Ethylene derivatives

3. Ethylene derivatives

4. Ethylene derivatives

5. Ethylene derivatives

6. Ethylene derivatives
Ethylene oxide process technology

7. Ethylene derivatives
Chlorohydrin Process

8. Ethylene derivatives
Chlorohydrin Process

9. Ethylene derivatives
Direct oxidation process

10. Ethylene derivatives
Direct oxidation process

11. Ethylene derivatives
Direct oxidation process

12. Ethylene derivatives
Direct oxidation process

13. Ethylene derivatives
MEG, DEG, TEG

14. Ethylene derivatives
MEG, DEG, TEG

15. Ethylene derivatives
Vinyl chloride from ethylene

16. Ethylene derivatives
Vinyl chloride from ethylene

17. Ethylene derivatives
Ethanol from ethylene

18. Polypropylene
Polypropylene basic
Like ethylene, propylene (propene) is a reactive alkene that can be obtained from refinery gas streams, especially those from cracking processes.
The main source of propylene, however, is steam cracking of hydrocarbons, where it is coproduced with ethylene.
There is no special process for propylene production except the dehydrogenation of propane.

19. Polypropylene Polypropylene
Polypropylene basic
Polypropylene
History – Polypropylene (PP) was developed in Spain in 1954 by professor Giulio Natta. He was able to produce the resin by using catalysts from the Polyethylene industry and applying them to propylene gas.
Structure – The PP monomer is a single bond between two carbon atoms and can be seen below. It is similar to Polyethylene in many ways, but the methyl group that takes the place of the hydrogen reduces the chain flexibility, making polypropylene a stiffer material.

20. Polypropylene Polypropylene – Forms PP comes in a few varieties:
Polypropylene basic
Polypropylene – Forms
PP comes in a few varieties:
Homopolymer - General purpose grade, very versatile
Block Copolymer % ethylene, improved impact strength to below 20° C
Random Copolymer - Co-monomers arranged randomly on the molecular chain, more flexibility and better clarity

21. Polypropylene Polypropylene - Considerations
Polypropylene basic
Polypropylene - Considerations
Density – PP has a specific gravity of .93 which means that it will float in water.
Crystallinity – PP is semi-crystalline (around 75%)
Hygroscopy – PP is not hygroscopic and does not require drying when processed
Tg – PP has a glass transition temperature of 15° F
Tm – PP’s crystals melt at around 350° F, but it is commonly processed
in a melt range of 420 – 540° F.

22. Polypropylene Polypropylene basic
polypropylene is a valuable polymer and is used as plastic for making pipes, ropes, fibres, etc
It is manufactured by catalytic reaction in a stirred tank reactor, where Ti and aluminium halides are used as catalysts at a temperature of 60°C−70°C and a pressure of 1−2 MPa

23. Polypropylene
Polypropylene basic
Polypropylene comes from Propylene!

24. Polypropylene
Polypropylene basic
Polypropylene comes from Propylene!

25. Polypropylene
Petrochemical products demand in Indonesia

26. Polypropylene
Petrochemical products demand in Indonesia

27. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

28. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

29. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

30. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

31. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

32. Polypropylene
Polypropylene supply and demand

33. Polypropylene 1. Zeigler-Natta polymerization:
Polypropylene synthesis
1. Zeigler-Natta polymerization:
TiCl3 + Al(C2H5)2Cl, or TiCl4 + Al(C2H5)3

34. Polypropylene 2) Kaminsky Catalysts: Metallocene A metallocene is a
Polypropylene synthesis
2) Kaminsky Catalysts: Metallocene
A metallocene is a
positively charged metal ion sandwiched between two negatively charged cyclopentadienyl anions.

35. Polypropylene Polypropylene recent status and technology
Methanol-to-Propylene Technology
two reaction steps
Methanol dehydration to DME on an aluminium catalyst
Transforming DME or methanol into a variety of olefins. The use of ZSM-5 catalyst yields propylene. Propylene will be processed further into polypropylene

36. Polypropylene Polypropylene recent status and technology
Methanol-to-Propylene Technology

37. Polypropylene Polypropylene recent status and technology
Propylene Production via Propane Dehydrogenation

38. Thank You !